Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., la Agencia Espacial NASA, nos informa que un estudio efectuado se ha comprobado que los abismos de los Océanos no se han calentado; mientras que la parte superior de los océanos del mundo continúan absorber el calor del calentamiento global, las profundidades del océano no se han calentado mensurable en la última década.
Criaturas de aguas profundas, como estas anémonas en un respiradero hidrotermal, aún no están sintiendo el calor del cambio climático global. Aunque la mitad superior del océano continúa calentándose, la mitad inferior no se ha incrementado sensiblemente en la temperatura en la última década.
While the upper part of the world’s oceans continue
to absorb heat from global warming, ocean depths have not warmed measurably in
the last decade. This image shows heat radiating from the Pacific Ocean as
imaged by the NASA’s Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System instrument on
the Terra satellite. (Blue regions indicate thick cloud
cover.)
Image Credit:
NASA
Deep sea creatures, like these anemones at a
hydrothermal vent, are not yet feeling the heat from global climate change.
Although the top half of the ocean continues to warm, the bottom half has not
increased measurably in temperature in the last decade.
Image Credit:
NERC
The cold waters of Earth’s deep ocean have not warmed measurably since 2005,
according to a new NASA study, leaving unsolved the mystery of why global
warming appears to have slowed in recent years.
Scientists at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California,
analyzed satellite and direct ocean temperature data from 2005 to 2013 and found
the ocean abyss below 1.24 miles (1,995 meters) has not warmed measurably. Study
coauthor Josh Willis of JPL said these findings do not throw suspicion on
climate change itself.
"The sea level is still rising," Willis noted. "We're just trying to
understand the nitty-gritty details."
In the 21st century, greenhouse gases have continued to accumulate in the
atmosphere, just as they did in the 20th century, but global average surface air
temperatures have stopped rising in tandem with the gases. The temperature of
the top half of the world's oceans -- above the 1.24-mile mark -- is still
climbing, but not fast enough to account for the stalled air temperatures.
Many processes on land, air and sea have been invoked to explain what is
happening to the "missing" heat. One of the most prominent ideas is that the
bottom half of the ocean is taking up the slack, but supporting evidence is
slim. This latest study is the first to test the idea using satellite
observations, as well as direct temperature measurements of the upper ocean.
Scientists have been taking the temperature of the top half of the ocean
directly since 2005, using a network of 3,000 floating temperature probes called
the Argo array.
"The deep parts of the ocean are harder to measure," said JPL's William
Llovel, lead author of the study published Sunday in the journal Nature Climate
Change. "The combination of satellite and direct temperature data gives us a
glimpse of how much sea level rise is due to deep warming. The answer is -- not
much."
The study took advantage of the fact that water expands as it gets warmer.
The sea level is rising because of this expansion and the water added by glacier
and ice sheet melt.
To arrive at their conclusion, the JPL scientists did a straightforward
subtraction calculation, using data for 2005-2013 from the Argo buoys, NASA's
Jason-1 and Jason-2 satellites, and the agency’s Gravity Recovery and Climate
Experiment (GRACE) satellites. From the total amount of sea level rise, they
subtracted the amount of rise from the expansion in the upper ocean, and the
amount of rise that came from added meltwater. The remainder represented the
amount of sea level rise caused by warming in the deep ocean.
The remainder was essentially zero. Deep ocean warming contributed virtually
nothing to sea level rise during this period.
Coauthor Felix Landerer of JPL noted that during the same period warming in
the top half of the ocean continued unabated, an unequivocal sign that our
planet is heating up. Some recent studies reporting deep-ocean warming were, in
fact, referring to the warming in the upper half of the ocean but below the
topmost layer, which ends about 0.4 mile (700 meters) down.
Landerer also is a coauthor of another paper in the same journal issue on
1970-2005 ocean warming in the Southern Hemisphere. Before Argo floats were
deployed, temperature measurements in the Southern Ocean were spotty, at best.
Using satellite measurements and climate simulations of sea level changes around
the world, the new study found the global ocean absorbed far more heat in those
35 years than previously thought -- a whopping 24 to 58 percent more than early
estimates.
Both papers result from the work of the newly formed NASA Sea Level Change
Team, an interdisciplinary group tasked with using NASA satellite data to
improve the accuracy and scale of current and future estimates of sea level
change. The Southern Hemisphere paper was led by three scientists at Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California.
NASA monitors Earth's vital signs from land, air and space with a fleet of
satellites and ambitious airborne and ground-based observation campaigns. NASA
develops new ways to observe and study Earth's interconnected natural systems
with long-term data records and computer analysis tools to better see how our
planet is changing. The agency shares this unique knowledge with the global
community and works with institutions in the United States and around the world
that contribute to understanding and protecting our home planet.
For more information about NASA's Earth science activities in 2014,
visit:
For more information on ocean surface topography from space, visit:
More information on NASA’s GRACE satellites is available at:
For more information on the Argo array, visit:
NASA
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
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