Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta Gravity. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta Gravity. Mostrar todas las entradas

sábado, 1 de octubre de 2016

ESA : Moon and Mars on a plane.- La Luna y Marte en un avión/Marte y la Luna a bordo de un avión...............

http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/Research/Moon_and_Mars_on_a_plane

Moon and Mars on a plane

26 September 2016 Who wouldn’t want to run an experiment in lunar or martian gravity? ESA is offering European researchers the chance to test their theories on aircraft flights that offer 20 seconds of reduced gravity.
“Partial-gravity flights are rare and offer a unique opportunity to conduct research in conditions that have only been reproduced a handful of times,” notes ESA’s head of human research, Jennifer Ngo-Anh.
ESA often conducts ‘parabolic’ flights using a refitted Airbus A310 that flies up and down on a rollercoaster ride. At the top of the curve the passengers and experiments experience reduced gravity.
 

Parabolic manoeuvre
 
Commonly, the pilots climb at 45° to offer zero-gravity for 20 seconds at a time. By adjusting the angle, the pilots can simulate other gravity levels – from the Moon’s one sixth of what we feel on Earth to a martian one third of Earth’s gravity.
Parabolic flights are useful for scientific and technology researchers, offering the unique opportunity to control experiments in reduced gravity with humans as test subjects.
“In addition to being the only way to test experiments in gravity levels found on the Moon and Mars, parabolic flights that simulate reduced gravity are exciting for everyone involved and they offer more experiment time than ‘normal microgravity’ flights,” says Jennifer. “We are looking forward to a great mix of experiments from around the world.”

How do you walk on Mars?


Walking on Mars
 
Researchers from previous experiments run on reduced-gravity parabolic flights have had their results published in the prestigious Nature magazine. A novel experiment investigated how astronauts would walk on Mars – the ideal walking speed turns out to be around half the speed on Earth – important information for planning missions to the Red Planet.
What would you like to know about how humans adapt to living in reduced gravity?

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26 March 2003 The only way to get away from the sensation and effects of gravity is to give in to it. That is why the 'Zero-G' Airbus A300 that ESA uses for parabolic flights has to 'freefall' through the air - with no force other than gravity acting on it - to gen...
 
VERSIÓN EN ESPAÑOL :
   http://www.esa.int/esl/ESA_in_your_country/Spain/Marte_y_la_Luna_a_bordo_de_un_avion                             

Marte y la Luna a bordo de un avión

27 septiembre 2016 ¿Quién no querría realizar experimentos bajo la gravedad lunar o marciana? ESA ofrece a los investigadores europeos la oportunidad de probar sus teorías en vuelos que ofrecen 20 segundos de gravedad reducida.
“Los vuelos con gravedad parcial son poco frecuentes y constituyen una ocasión única para llevar a cabo investigaciones en condiciones que muy pocas veces se han reproducido”, apunta Jennifer Ngo-Anh, directora de investigación humana de la ESA.
La ESA realiza con frecuencia vuelos ‘parabólicos’ con un Airbus A310 reacondicionado que asciende y desciende como una montaña rusa. En el máximo de la curva, los pasajeros y los experimentos disfrutan de gravedad reducida.
 

Maniobra parabólica
 
Normalmente, los pilotos ascienden a 45° para ofrecer gravedad cero durante 20 segundos por vuelo. Además, pueden simular otros niveles de gravedad ajustando el ángulo: desde la gravedad de la Luna, que es un sexto de la de la Tierra, a la marciana, un tercio de la de nuestro planeta.
Los vuelos parabólicos resultan útiles para investigadores de ciencia y tecnología, ya que ofrecen una oportunidad única para controlar experimentos bajo gravedad reducida con humanos como sujetos de ensayo.
“Además de ser la única forma de probar experimentos en niveles de gravedad como los de la Luna o Marte, los vuelos parabólicos que simulan la gravedad reducida resultan interesantísimos para todos los participantes y ofrecen más tiempo para experimentar que los vuelos ‘normales’ de microgravedad —añade Jennifer—. Estamos deseando recibir una fantástica selección de experimentos de todo el mundo”. 

Cómo caminar en Marte


Caminando en Marte
 
Investigadores de experimentos anteriores realizados durante vuelos parabólicos de gravedad reducida han visto publicados sus resultados en la prestigiosa revista Nature. Un novedoso experimento investigaba cómo los astronautas caminarían en Marte: la velocidad ideal para caminar resultó ser aproximadamente la mitad de la velocidad sobre la Tierra, un dato importante a la hora de planificar misiones en el Planeta Rojo.
¿Qué te gustaría saber sobre la adaptación humana a la gravedad reducida?
ESA
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
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martes, 23 de julio de 2013

NASA : Gravity Waves and Sunglint, Lake Superior


Gravity Waves and Sunglint, Lake Superior
From the vantage point of the International Space Station, astronauts frequently observe atmospheric and surface phenomena in ways that are impossible to view from the ground. Two such phenomena—gravity waves and sunglint—are illustrated in this photograph of northeastern Lake Superior.
At the top of the image, the Canadian Shield of southern Ontario is covered by an extensive forest canopy typical of early summer. Offshore and to the west and southwest of Pukaskwa National Park, several distinct sets of parallel cloud bands are visible. Gravity waves are produced when moisture-laden air encounters imbalances in air density, such as might be expected when cool air flows over warmer air. This can cause the flowing air to oscillate up and down as it moves, causing clouds to condense as the air rises and cools and to evaporate away as the air sinks and warms. This produces parallel bands of clouds oriented perpendicular to the wind direction. The orientation of the cloud bands in this image, parallel to the coastlines, suggests that air flowing off of the land surfaces to the north is interacting with moist, stable air over the lake surface, creating gravity waves.
The second phenomenon—sunglint—affects the water surface around and to the northeast of Isle Royale. Sunglint is caused by light reflection off a water surface; some of the reflected light travels directly back towards the observer, resulting in a bright mirror-like appearance over large expanses of water. Water currents and changes in surface tension—typically caused by presence of oils or surfactants—alter the reflective properties of the water and can be highlighted by sunglint. For example, surface water currents are visible to the east of Isle Royale that are oriented similarly to the gravity waves, suggesting that they too are the product of winds moving off of the land surface.
Astronaut photograph ISS036-E-11843 was acquired on June 24, 2013, with a Nikon D3S digital camera using a 50 millimeter lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The image was taken by the Expedition 36 crew. It has been cropped and enhanced to improve contrast, and lens artifacts have been removed. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.
Image Credit: NASA
Caption: William L. Stefanov (Jacobs/JETS) and Michael H. Trenchard (Barrios/JETS), NASA Johnson Space Center

NASA
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Acutegui
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