Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta Environment Changes. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta Environment Changes. Mostrar todas las entradas

domingo, 23 de octubre de 2016

ESA : Sentinel-3A Earth colour data released.- Datos liberados del color de La Tierra, según el satélite Sentinel-3A....

http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/Copernicus/Sentinel-3/Sentinel-3A_Earth_colour_data_released



Greenland changing ice
 
20 October 2016
Today, the Copernicus Sentinel-3A satellite has taken another step towards being fully ‘operational’ as the first data from its Ocean and Land Colour Instrument are made available to monitor the health of our planet.
Following its launch in February, the satellite and instruments have been thoroughly tested and fine-tuned – leading to this important milestone.
Carrying a suite of instruments, Sentinel-3A is arguably the most complex of all the Copernicus Sentinels.
It has been designed to measure Earth’s oceans, land, ice and atmosphere to monitor large-scale global dynamics and to provide critical near-realtime information for numerous ocean, land and weather applications.
The Sentinel-3 validation team, a group of expert users, has been receiving sample products since May. Their feedback is essential to both ESA and Eumetsat to ensure the data are of the highest quality, as is needed for the myriad of operational applications that the mission will serve.
At the ‘end of commissioning’ review in July, it was noted that a couple of points had to be addressed before the first data were officially released to the public.
Susanne Mecklenburg, ESA’s Sentinel-3 mission manager, said, “It is imperative that these first-level data are the best quality possible so we are being extremely careful. It is now very gratifying to see data from the satellite’s Ocean and Land Colour Instrument being released to users worldwide.
 

Wide and detailed views

“Data from the other two instruments – the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer and Radar Altimeter – will be made available in November and December, respectively.”
Offering new eyes on Earth, the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument will monitor the global oceans, and inland waters, including phytoplankton, water quality, harmful algal blooms, sediment transport in coastal areas, El Niño and La Niña events, and climate change.
It will also support observations of vegetation and crop conditions, as well as provide estimates of atmospheric aerosol and clouds – all of which bring significant benefits to society through more informed decision-making.
While the operations of the Sentinel-3A satellite are carried out by Eumetsat, the mission is managed jointly by ESA and Eumetsat.
ESA is responsible for the land data products and Eumetsat for the marine products – all of which are made available for application through Copernicus services.
 

Mediterranean view
 
Hilary Wilson, Eumetsat’s Sentinel-3 project manager, said, “The release of Sentinel-3A’s first operational data is the culmination of a lot of hard work by ESA, Eumetsat and the expert user teams.
“It represents an important milestone for the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service and also for the wider marine monitoring community.
“Routine operations of the satellite have been proceeding smoothly since Eumetsat took over this responsibility in July and we are now focusing on bringing the remaining marine products to this community.”

VERSIÓN EN ESPAÑOL:

Primeros datos de color de la Tierra de Sentinel-3A

El hielo cambiante de Groelandia
 
21 octubre 2016
El satélite Sentinel-3A de Copernicus ha dado hoy un nuevo paso hacia su total operatividad al hacer públicos los primeros datos de su Instrumento para el Color de la Tierra y los Océanos (OLCI), que vigila la salud de nuestro planeta. 
Tras su lanzamiento en febrero, el satélite y sus instrumentos se han probado a fondo y se han ido perfeccionando hasta llegar a este importante hito.
Sentinel-3A transporta un conjunto de instrumentos que lo convierten en el más complejo de la flota Copernicus.
Ha sido diseñado para medir los océanos, la tierra, el hielo y la atmófera para monitorizar las dinámicas globales a gran escala y ofrecer información crítica en tiempo casi real para numerosas aplicaciones terrestres, marítimas y meteorológicas.
El equipo de validación de Sentinel-3, formado por usuarios expertos, lleva recibiendo muestras desde mayo. Su respuesta es esencial para que tanto la ESA como Eumetsat garanticen la máxima calidad de los datos, necesaria para la multitud de aplicaciones operacionales a las que la misión prestará servicio.
En julio, una vez terminada la revisión final de puesta en servicio, se detectaron un par de puntos que debían resolverse antes de hacer públicos los primeros datos de forma oficial.
Susanne Mecklenburg, responsable de la misión Sentinel-3, explica: “Es imprescindible que estos datos de primer nivel tengan la máxima calidad posible, por lo que estamos extremando las precauciones. Es muy gratificante ver cómo ahora los usuarios de todo el mundo pueden disfrutar de los datos del Instrumento para el Color de la Tierra y los Océanos del satélite”. 
 
Panorámica y vista detallada

“Los datos de los otros dos instrumentos —el Radiómetro para la Temperatura Superficial del Mar y la Tierra (SLSTR) y el Altímetro Radar de Apertura Sintética (SRAL)— se distribuirán en noviembre y diciembre, respectivamente”.
El Instrumento para el Color de la Tierra y los Océanos monitorizará los océanos mundiales y las aguas continentales, incluyendo el fitoplancton, la calidad del agua, las floraciones de algas nocivas, el transporte de sedimentos en áreas costeras, los fenómenos de El Niño y La Niña, y el cambio climático.
También dará apoyo a las observaciones del estado de la vegetación y las cosechas, y ofrecerá estimaciones de nubes y aerosoles atmosféricos: todo ello aportará beneficios significativos a la sociedad al permitir una toma de decisiones más informada.
Mientras que las operaciones del satélite Sentinel-3A corren a cargo de Eumetsat, la misión es gestionada conjuntamente por esta organización y la ESA.
Aunque la ESA es responsable de los productos de datos terrestres, y Eumetsat de los productos marinos, todos ellos están disponibles para su aplicación gracias a los servicios de Copernicus.
 
Vista del Mediterráneo

Hilary Wilson, responsable del proyecto Sentinel-3 de Eumetsat, explica: “Con la publicación de los primeros datos operacionales de Sentinel-3A culmina el duro trabajo de la ESA, Eumetsat y los equipos de usuarios expertos”.
“La publicación constituye un hito importante para el Servicio de Vigilancia de Entornos Marinos de Copernicus y para toda la comunidad de vigilancia marina”.
“Las operaciones rutinarias del satélite se han llevado a cabo sin contratiempos desde que Eumetsat se hizo cargo de él en julio; nuestro objetivo ahora es poner a disposición de la comunidad el resto de productos marinos”.

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ESA
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com
ayabaca@yahoo.com
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miércoles, 16 de septiembre de 2015

NSF : Life on Earth: National Science Foundation awards $23 million for studies of planet's biodiversity .- Vida en la Tierra: los premios de la Fundación Nacional de Ciencias de $ 23 millones para estudios de biodiversidad del planeta

Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., hemos recibido información de la Fundación Nacional de Ciencia de Los Estados Unidos, sobre un premio de U$ 23, millones; que la institución otorga a los  trabajos de investigación sobre la vida en la Tierra.
More information...........

Research will fill in knowledge gaps, lead to advances in health, agriculture, energy and manufacturing

Field researcher in Alaska
A field researcher in Alaska places experimental chambers that warm air over tundra vegetation.
Credit and Larger Version
September 15, 2015
Rapid changes are happening in the Arctic: ice cover is shrinking, permafrost is thawing. But what's happening to ground-dwelling species such as mosses?
Mosses are critical parts of nutrient cycles in the far north, scientists say. For example, microbes that live on mosses are the major source of nitrogen for plant growth in boreal and tundra ecosystems. Yet many aspects of these plant communities are poorly understood.
Through a new National Science Foundation (NSF) Dimensions of Biodiversity grant, Stuart McDaniel of the University of Florida and colleagues will use moss-microbe interactions to understand how biodiversity shapes high-latitude ecosystems.
The project is one of 10 funded this year through NSF's Dimensions of Biodiversity Program.
A total of $23 million has been invested in the grants, with contributions from NSF's directorates for Biological Sciences and Geosciences, as well as the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the Sao Paulo Research Foundation of Brazil (FAPESP).
The Dimensions of Biodiversity Program is unique in its approach. In contrast to traditional biodiversity research that focuses on one taxonomic group or ecosystem, Dimensions of Biodiversity integrates multiple areas of study into research projects.
The program links functional, genetic and phylogenetic/taxonomic dimensions of biodiversity, offering opportunities to produce rapid advances in understanding the creation, maintenance and loss of biodiversity.
"This year's Dimensions of Biodiversity investigators join an international and multidisciplinary network of scientists who, through cutting-edge and integrative approaches, are transforming our understanding of biodiversity," says James Olds, assistant director for NSF's Biological Sciences directorate.
The research will fill in gaps in biodiversity knowledge, scientists say. It also has the potential to lead to significant progress in agriculture, fuel, manufacturing and health.
For example, plant and animal extinctions are detrimental to human health, scientists have found. Species losses in ecosystems such as forests and fields result in increases in pathogens, or disease-causing organisms. The species most likely to disappear as biodiversity declines are often those that buffer infectious disease transmission. Those that remain tend to be ones that magnify diseases such as West Nile virus and Lyme disease.
Economic sustainability also depends on the diversity of life on Earth. Many industrial materials, such as fibers and dyes, come from biological sources. In addition, biodiversity is important to such resources as water, food and pharmaceuticals.
To conserve Earth's biodiversity, scientists funded through the Dimensions of Biodiversity program are working to better understand interactions among species from microbes to mosses, lichens and marine life.
"Understanding the diversity of life on land and in the sea is critical as our environment changes," says Roger Wakimoto, assistant director for NSF's Geosciences directorate. "This year's Dimensions of Biodiversity projects include important but poorly known branches of animals and microorganisms in understudied regions of the oceans."
The new Dimensions of Biodiversity projects focus on topics including: the diversity of ctenophores, or comb jellies, in the deep sea; lichens in a global diversity hotspot; microbial communities living on suspended and sinking particles in marine oxygen-deficient zones; moss microbiomes in rapidly changing Alaskan ecosystems; and pollination in Penstemon, or beardtongues, a large genus of North American and East Asian flowering plants.
2015 Dimensions of Biodiversity Awards
Martha Condon, Cornell College:
Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Diversification Dynamics of Multitrophic Interactions in Tropical Communities
Peter Girguis, Harvard University:
Dimensions: The phylogenetic and functional diversity of extracellular electron transfer across all three domains of life
Steven Haddock, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute:
 Dimensions: Life at extremes: Linking the phylogenetic and genomic diversity of ctenophores to ecophysiological adaptations in the deep sea
Lena Hileman, University of Kansas:
Dimensions: The evolution of pollination syndrome diversity in Penstemon
James Lendemer, New York Botanical Garden:
 Dimensions: Biodiversity Gradients in Obligate Symbiotic Organisms: A Case Study in Lichens in a Global Diversity Hotspot
Stuart McDaniel, University of Florida:
Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Community genomic drivers of moss microbiome assembly and function in rapidly changing Alaskan ecosystems
Matthew Olson, Texas Tech University:
Dimensions US-China: Allosomes and dioecy in plants as drivers of multi-level biodiversity
Tammi Richardson, University of South Carolina:
 Dimensions: Links Between Spectral Irradiance and Cryptophyte Biodiversity in Environments from Ponds to Oceans
Gabrielle Rocap, University of Washington:
 Dimensions: Diversity, assembly and function of microbial communities on suspended and sinking particles in a marine Oxygen Deficient Zone
Brett Tyler, Oregon State University:
Dimensions: Dynamical interactions between plant and oomycete biodiversity in a temperate forest
-NSF-

Media Contacts Cheryl Dybas, NSF, (703) 292-7734, cdybas@nsf.gov

Related WebsitesNSF News (2014 awards): Whither the diversity of life on Earth? NSF, partners award $23 million for studies of planet's biodiversity:
http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=132506
NSF News (2013 awards):
In race against time, NSF grants fund research on Earth's threatened biodiversity: http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=129242
NSF News (2012 awards):
 Stemming the Tide of Biodiversity Loss on Earth:
 http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=125495&org=NSF&from=news
NSF Discovery: Staple of recipe favorites--the tomato--reveals processes that maintain biodiversity: http://nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=129676
NSF Discovery: A Stream Is a Stream Is a Stream: Or Is It?: http://www.nsf.gov/discoveries/disc_summ.jsp?cntn_id=123855&org=NSF


The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering. In fiscal year (FY) 2015, its budget is $7.3 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 colleges, universities and other institutions. Each year, NSF receives about 48,000 competitive proposals for funding, and makes about 11,000 new funding awards. NSF also awards about $626 million in professional and service contracts yearly.
 Get News Updates by Email 
Useful NSF Web Sites:
NSF Home Page: http://www.nsf.gov
NSF News: http://www.nsf.gov/news/
For the News Media: http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jsp
Science and Engineering Statistics: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/
Awards Searches: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/
Deep-sea ctenophore
This deep-sea ctenophore, or comb jelly, shows the dark red color typical of deep-sea species.
Credit and Larger Version
lichen on wood
This ecologically important lichen is indicative of high-quality habitats in eastern North America.
Credit and Larger Version
Parasitic wasp
A parasitic wasp stands on a plant with the common name rainforest cucumber (Gurania costaricensis).
Credit and Larger Version
Wind River Forest Dynamics Plot
The Wind River Forest Dynamics Plot in Oregon is a Dimensions of Biodiversity research site.
Credit and Larger Version
Beardtongue plant and a humingbird
The beardtongue plant's red flowers attract hummingbirds.
Credit and Larger Version
The National Science Foundation (NSF)
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com
ayabaca@yahoo.com
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