Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta The Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta The Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Mostrar todas las entradas

lunes, 16 de julio de 2012

Science: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC).- TOTEM,LHCf

Hi My Friends: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a gigantic scientific instrument near Geneva, where it spans the border between Switzerland and France about 100m underground. It is a particle accelerator used by physicists to study the smallest known particles – the fundamental building blocks of all things. It will revolutionise our understanding, from the minuscule world deep within atoms to the vastness of the Universe.
 CERN-EX-0603013
 
 ATLAS: Simulated production of a black hole

This track is an example of simulated data modelled for the ATLAS detector on the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, which will begin taking data in 2008. These tracks would be produced if a miniature black hole was produced in the proton-proton collisions. Such a small black hole would decay instantly to various particles via a process known as Hawking radiation.

LHCf

Large Hadron Collider forward

The LHCf experiment uses forward particles created inside the LHC as a source to simulate cosmic rays in laboratory conditions.
Cosmic rays are naturally occurring charged particles from outer space that constantly bombard the Earth's atmosphere. They collide with nuclei in the upper atmosphere, leading to a cascade of particles that reaches ground level.
Studying how collisions inside the LHC cause similar cascades of particles will help scientists to interpret and calibrate large-scale cosmic-ray experiments that can cover thousands of kilometres.
The LHCf experiment involves 22 scientists from 10 institutes in 4 countries (September 2006).

LHCf detector

  • Size: two detectors, each measures 30 cm long, 80 cm high, 10 cm wide
  • Weight: 40 kg each
  • Location: Meyrin, Switzerland (near ATLAS)
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Gem chambers for the TOTEM experiment

TOTEM

TOTal Elastic and diffractive cross section Measurement

The TOTEM experiment studies forward particles to focus on physics that is not accessible to the general-purpose experiments. Among a range of studies, it will measure, in effect, the size of the proton and also monitor accurately the LHC's luminosity.
To do this TOTEM must be able to detect particles produced very close to the LHC beams. It will include detectors housed in specially designed vacuum chambers called 'Roman pots', which are connected to the beam pipes in the LHC. Eight Roman pots will be placed in pairs at four locations near the collision point of the CMS experiment.
Although the two experiments are scientifically independent, TOTEM will complement the results obtained by the CMS detector and by the other LHC experiments overall.
The TOTEM experiment involves 50 scientists from 10 institutes in 8 countries (2006).

TOTEM detector

  • Size: 440 m long, 5 m high and 5 m wide
  • Weight: 20 tonnes
  • Design: Roman pot and GEM detectors and cathode strip chambers
  • Location: Cessy, France (near CMS)
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 Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com
ayabaca@yahoo.com
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Science: Large Hadron Collider beauty

Hi My Friends: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a gigantic scientific instrument near Geneva, where it spans the border between Switzerland and France about 100m underground. It is a particle accelerator used by physicists to study the smallest known particles – the fundamental building blocks of all things. It will revolutionise our understanding, from the minuscule world deep within atoms to the vastness of the Universe.
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 LHCb experiment magnets
Aimants de l'expérience LHCb
 The leading members of the LHCb magnet project, from left to right: Pierre-Ange Giudici, who organized and supervised the industrial production of the coils; Marcello Losasso, who performed the 3D calculations to optimise the magnetic field; Olivier Jamet, responsible for the 3D design; Jean Renaud, in charge of the magnet assembly, and Wilfried Flegel, project leader. The LHCb detector will investigate matter-antimatter differences in B mesons at the LHC. The coils of the detector's huge dipole magnet are seen here in April 2004.
Les créateurs, devant leur «créature» ! De gauche à droite, les principaux participants au projet de l'aimant de LHCb : Pierre-Ange Giudici pour l'organisation et le suivi de fabrication des bobines, Marcello Losasso pour les calculs 3D optimisant le champ magnétique, Olivier Jamet pour les dessins 3D, Jean Renaud, responsable de l'assemblage de l'aimant, Wilfried Flegel, chef du projet.

Photograph: Maximilien Brice
Date: 15 Apr 2004
Keywords: CERN50; LHCb; LHC; magnet; group; bobine; detecteur; detector
Access: DIGITAL
Related links:
CERN Bulletin 18/2004
CERN Courier vol 44 no 8 : October 2004

Available tirages: 01 02 03 04

LHCb

Large Hadron Collider beauty

The LHCb experiment will help us to understand why we live in a Universe that appears to be composed almost entirely of matter, but no antimatter.
It specialises in investigating the slight differences between matter and antimatter by studying a type of particle called the 'beauty quark', or 'b quark'.
Instead of surrounding the entire collision point with an enclosed detector, the LHCb experiment uses a series of sub-detectors to detect mainly forward particles. The first sub-detector is mounted close to the collision point, while the next ones stand one behind the other, over a length of 20 m.
An abundance of different types of quark will be created by the LHC before they decay quickly into other forms. To catch the b-quarks, LHCb has developed sophisticated movable tracking detectors close to the path of the beams circling in the LHC.
The LHCb collaboration has 650 scientists from 48 institutes in 13 countries (April 2006).
LHCb setup

LHCb detector

  • Size: 21m long, 10m high and 13m wide
  • Weight: 5600 tonnes
  • Design: forward spectrometer with planar detectors
  • Location: Ferney-Voltaire, France.
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com 
ayabaca@hotmail.com 
ayabaca@yahoo.com
 Inscríbete en el Foro del blog y participa : A Vuelo De Un Quinde - El Foro!

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