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********** Blog Fundado el 03 de Enero del 2008 **********
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., hemos recibido de la Agencia Espacial NASA, una fotografía del Astronauta Edwin E. “Buzz” Aldrin, Jr.
Este20 de julio 1969fotografía de lavista del interior delmódulo lunardel Apolo11muestra al astronautaEdwinE."Buzz"Aldrin,Jr.durante la misiónde aterrizajelunar.La foto fue tomadapor el astronautaNeilA.Armstrong, comandante,antes delaterrizaje.
Buzz Aldrinnació enMontclair, NuevaJersey,el 20 deenero de1930.Aldrinse convirtió en astronautadurante laselección del tercergrupopor la NASAen octubre de1963.El 11 de noviembrede 1966orbitabaa bordo dela nave espacialGeminiXII, a 4-Díavuelo59-revolución queterminócon éxito el programaGemini.DuranteProyectoGemini, Aldrinse convirtió enuna de las figurasclave que trabajansobreel problema de lacitadela nave espacialenla Tierra o enla órbita lunar,yque atracanjuntospara el vuelo espacial.Aldrinfue elegidocomo miembro delatripulaciónde tres personasApolo 11que aterrizóen la lunael 20 dejulio de 1969,el cumplimiento del mandatodel presidente JohnF.Kennedypara enviarestadounidensesa la Lunaantes del finalde la década.Aldrinfue elsegundo estadounidenseen pisarla superficie lunar.
Astronaut Buzz Aldrin in the Apollo 11 Lunar Module
This July 20, 1969 photograph of the interior view of the Apollo 11 Lunar
Module shows astronaut Edwin E. “Buzz” Aldrin, Jr. during the lunar landing
mission. The picture was taken by astronaut Neil A. Armstrong, commander, prior
to the landing.
Buzz Aldrin was born in Montclair, New Jersey, on Jan. 20, 1930. Aldrin
became an astronaut during the selection of the third group by NASA in October
1963. On Nov. 11, 1966 he orbited aboard the Gemini XII spacecraft, a 4-day
59-revolution flight that successfully ended the Gemini program. During Project
Gemini, Aldrin became one of the key figures working on the problem of
rendezvous of spacecraft in Earth or lunar orbit, and docking them together for
spaceflight. Aldrin was chosen as a member of the three-person Apollo 11 crew
that landed on the moon on July 20, 1969, fulfilling the mandate of President
John F. Kennedy to send Americans to the moon before the end of the decade.
Aldrin was the second American to set foot on the lunar surface.
Vídeo: Los mejores momentos de la llegada del hombre a la Luna en 1969
La misión Apolo 11 de la NASA marcó un hito histórico en la exploración espacial. En este vídeo recordamos los momentos más icónicos y destacados
Todavía existen escépticos que creen que todo fue un montaje, que era imposible que el hombre pisara la Luna, que todos los vídeos que mostró la NASA fueron grabados en un plató y que incluso el mismísimo Stanley Kubrick fue el encargado de dirigir las grabaciones. Disparates sin ningún fundamento que han sido refutados y explicados en múltiples ocasiones, tanto por la propia agencia espacial estadounidense como por científicos independientes de todo el mundo. Ni siquiera merece la pena discutir sobre si el Hombre llegó a la Luna o no.
El comandante Neil Armstrong se convirtió en el primer ser humano que pisó la superficie lunar, el 21 de julio de 1969 a las 2:56 (hora internacional UTC). Y desde entonces pocos más han tenido este privilegio. Exactamente 12 personas han sido las que han podido plantar su huella sobre la Luna y ser los humanos que más lejos han estado del planeta que les vio nacer. Sus nombres: Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin, Charles Conrad, Alan L. Bean, Alan Shepard, Edgar Mitchel, David Scott, James B. Irwin, John W. Young, Charles M. Duke, Eugene A. Cernan y Harrison H. Schmitt.
En este vídeo de la NASA te mostramos los momentos más importantes de la misión, desde el despegue hasta la famosa frase de Neil Armstrong cuando tocó la superficie lunar: "un pequeño paso para un hombre, un gran paso para la humanidad".
Los mejores momentos de la llegada del hombre a la Luna
NASA marks the 45th anniversary of the first moon landing this month while it
takes the steps needed for America's next giant leap to send astronauts to
Mars.
La NASA marca el 45 aniversario del primer aterrizaje lunar de este mes, mientras toma los pasos necesarios para que el próximo salto gigante de Estados Unidos envíe astronautas a Marte.
Apollo 11 Official Crew Portrait
Official crew photo of the Apollo 11 Prime Crew. From left to right are
astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, Commander; Michael Collins, Command Module Pilot;
and Edwin E. Aldrin Jr., Lunar Module Pilot.
Image Credit: NASA
Retrato oficial de la tripulación del Apollo 11
Foto oficial de la tripulación del Apollo 11 Prime Crew. De izquierda a derecha, los astronautas Neil A. Armstrong, comandante; Michael Collins, piloto del módulo de comando; y Edwin E. Aldrin Jr., piloto del módulo lunar
Image Credit:
NASA
NASA's
Apollo 11 crew landed on the moon July 20, 1969. The world watched 45 years ago
as astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin set their lunar module Eagle down
in the Sea of Tranquility, while crewmate Michael Collins orbited above in the
command module Columbia.
The agency will commemorate Armstrong's "one giant leap for mankind" through
a number of events across, and above, the United States during the next two
weeks, as well as on the agency's website and NASA Television.
On Friday, July 18 at 1:30 p.m. EDT, NASA TV will air a discussion about the
future of space exploration between scientists and actor, director, and narrator
Morgan Freeman, live from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena,
California. The event also will include NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman
participating from the International Space Station.
Also on Friday at 3:30 p.m., NASA will host a discussion with Buzz Aldrin and
astronaut Mike Massimino at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in New York
during the Intrepid Space and Science Festival. NASA also will have exhibits and
activities at the festival Thursday, July 17 - Saturday, July 19. For more
information about the festival, visit
On Sunday, July 20 at 10:39 p.m., when Armstrong opened the spacecraft hatch
to begin the first spacewalk on the moon, NASA TV will replay the restored
footage of Armstrong and Aldrin's historic steps on the lunar surface.
On Monday, July 21 at 10 a.m. from the agency's Kennedy Space Center in
Florida, NASA TV will air live coverage of the renaming of the center's
Operations and Checkout Building in honor of Armstrong, who passed away in 2012.
The renaming ceremony will include NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, Kennedy
Center Director Robert Cabana, Apollo 11’s Collins, Aldrin and astronaut Jim
Lovell, who was the mission’s back-up commander. International Space Station
NASA astronauts Wiseman and Steve Swanson, who is the current station commander,
also will take part in the ceremony from their orbiting laboratory 260 miles
above Earth.
Kennedy's Operations and Checkout Building has played a vital role in NASA’s
spaceflight history. It was used during the Apollo program to process and test
the command, service and lunar modules. Today, the facility is being used to
process and assemble NASA’s Orion spacecraft, which the agency will use to send
astronauts to an asteroid in the 2020s and Mars in the 2030s.
On Thursday, July 24 at 6 p.m. EDT, which is the 45th anniversary of Apollo
11's return to Earth, the agency will host a panel discussion -- called NASA’s
Next Giant Leap -- from Comic-Con International in San Diego, California.
Moderated by actor Seth Green, the panel includes Aldrin, NASA Planetary Science
Division Director Jim Green, JPL systems engineer Bobak Ferdowsi, and NASA
astronaut Mike Fincke, who will talk about Orion and the Space Launch System
rocket, which will carry humans on America’s next great adventure in space.
NASA.gov will host features, videos, and historic images and audio clips that
highlight the Apollo 11 anniversary, as well as the future of human spaceflight.
To explore all the special content, visit:
To join the ongoing conversation on social media about the anniversary and
NASA's deep space exploration plans, use the hashtags #NextGiantLeap and
#Apollo45.
For NASA TV streaming video, downlink and scheduling information, visit:
Mission Objective
The primary objective of Apollo 11 was to
complete a national goal set by President John F. Kennedy on May 25, 1961:
perform a crewed lunar landing and return to Earth.
Additional flight
objectives included scientific exploration by the lunar module, or LM, crew;
deployment of a television camera to transmit signals to Earth; and deployment
of a solar wind composition experiment, seismic experiment package and a Laser
Ranging Retroreflector. During the exploration, the two astronauts were to
gather samples of lunar-surface materials for return to Earth. They also were to
extensively photograph the lunar terrain, the deployed scientific equipment, the
LM spacecraft, and each other, both with still and motion picture cameras. This
was to be the last Apollo mission to fly a "free-return" trajectory, which would
enable, if necessary, a ready abort of the mission when the combined command and
service module/lunar module, or CSM/LM, prepared for insertion into lunar orbit.
The trajectory would occur by firing the service propulsion subsystem, or SPS,
engine so as to merely circle behind the moon and emerge in a trans-Earth return
trajectory.
"The Eagle has landed..."
Crew Neil
Armstrong Commander
Edwin E. Aldrin Jr. Lunar Module
Pilot
Michael Collins Command Module Pilot
Backup Crew James A.
Lovell Commander
Fred W. Haise Jr. Lunar Module
Pilot
William A. Anders Command Module Pilot
Payload Columbia (CSM-107) Eagle
(LM-5)
Prelaunch Milestones 11/21/68 - LM-5
integrated systems test 12/6/68 - CSM-107 integrated systems test 12/13/68
- LM-5 acceptance test 1/8/69 - LM-5 ascent stage delivered to
Kennedy 1/12/69 - LM-5 descent stage delivered to Kennedy 1/18/69 - S-IVB
ondock at Kennedy 1/23/69 - CSM ondock at Kennedy 1/29/69 - command and
service module mated 2/6/69 - S-II ondock at Kennedy 2/20/69 - S-IC ondock
at Kennedy 2/17/69 - combined CSM-107 systems tests 2/27/69 - S-IU ondock
at Kennedy 3/24/69 - CSM-107 altitude testing 4/14/69 - rollover of CSM
from the Operations and Checkout Building to the Vehicle Assembly
Building 4/22/69 - integrated systems test 5/5/69 - CSM electrical mate to
Saturn V 5/20/69 - rollout to Launch Pad 39A 6/1/69 - flight readiness
test 6/26/69 - Countdown Demonstration Test
Launch July 16, 1969; 9:32 a.m.
EDT Launch Pad 39A Saturn-V AS-506 High Bay 1 Mobile Launcher
Platform-1 Firing Room 1
Orbit Altitude: 118.65
miles Inclination: 32.521 degrees Orbits: 30 revolutions Duration:
eight days, three hours, 18 min, 35 seconds Distance: 953,054 miles Lunar
Location: Sea of Tranquility Lunar Coordinates: .71 degrees north, 23.63
degrees east
Landing July 24, 1969; 12:50 p.m.
EDT Pacific Ocean Recovery Ship: USS Hornet
Mission Objective
The primary objective of Apollo 11 was to
complete a national goal set by President John F. Kennedy on May 25, 1961:
perform a crewed lunar landing and return to Earth.
Additional flight
objectives included scientific exploration by the lunar module, or LM, crew;
deployment of a television camera to transmit signals to Earth; and deployment
of a solar wind composition experiment, seismic experiment package and a Laser
Ranging Retroreflector. During the exploration, the two astronauts were to
gather samples of lunar-surface materials for return to Earth. They also were to
extensively photograph the lunar terrain, the deployed scientific equipment, the
LM spacecraft, and each other, both with still and motion picture cameras. This
was to be the last Apollo mission to fly a "free-return" trajectory, which would
enable, if necessary, a ready abort of the mission when the combined command and
service module/lunar module, or CSM/LM, prepared for insertion into lunar orbit.
The trajectory would occur by firing the service propulsion subsystem, or SPS,
engine so as to merely circle behind the moon and emerge in a trans-Earth return
trajectory.
Mission Highlights
Apollo 11 launched from Cape Kennedy on July 16,
1969, carrying Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins
and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin into an initial Earth-orbit of 114 by
116 miles. An estimated 530 million people watched Armstrong's televised image
and heard his voice describe the event as he took "...one small step for a man,
one giant leap for mankind" on July 20, 1969.
Two hours, 44 minutes and
one-and-a-half revolutions after launch, the S-IVB stage reignited for a second
burn of five minutes, 48 seconds, placing Apollo 11 into a translunar orbit. The
command and service module, or CSM, Columbia separated from the stage, which
included the spacecraft-lunar module adapter, or SLA, containing the lunar
module, or LM, Eagle. After transposition and jettisoning of the SLA panels on
the S-IVB stage, the CSM docked with the LM. The S-IVB stage separated and
injected into heliocentric orbit four hours, 40 minutes into the
flight.
The first color TV transmission to Earth from Apollo 11 occurred
during the translunar coast of the CSM/LM. Later, on July 17, a three-second
burn of the SPS was made to perform the second of four scheduled midcourse
corrections programmed for the flight. The launch had been so successful that
the other three were not needed.
On July 18, Armstrong and Aldrin put on
their spacesuits and climbed through the docking tunnel from Columbia to Eagle
to check out the LM, and to make the second TV transmission.
On July 19,
after Apollo 11 had flown behind the moon out of contact with Earth, came the
first lunar orbit insertion maneuver. At about 75 hours, 50 minutes into the
flight, a retrograde firing of the SPS for 357.5 seconds placed the spacecraft
into an initial, elliptical-lunar orbit of 69 by 190 miles. Later, a second burn
of the SPS for 17 seconds placed the docked vehicles into a lunar orbit of 62 by
70.5 miles, which was calculated to change the orbit of the CSM piloted by
Collins. The change happened because of lunar-gravity perturbations to the
nominal 69 miles required for subsequent LM rendezvous and docking after
completion of the lunar landing. Before this second SPS firing, another TV
transmission was made, this time from the surface of the moon.
On July
20, Armstrong and Aldrin entered the LM again, made a final check, and at 100
hours, 12 minutes into the flight, the Eagle undocked and separated from
Columbia for visual inspection. At 101 hours, 36 minutes, when the LM was behind
the moon on its 13th orbit, the LM descent engine fired for 30 seconds to
provide retrograde thrust and commence descent orbit insertion, changing to an
orbit of 9 by 67 miles, on a trajectory that was virtually identical to that
flown by Apollo 10. At 102 hours, 33 minutes, after Columbia and Eagle had
reappeared from behind the moon and when the LM was about 300 miles uprange,
powered descent initiation was performed with the descent engine firing for
756.3 seconds. After eight minutes, the LM was at "high gate" about 26,000 feet
above the surface and about five miles from the landing site.
The descent
engine continued to provide braking thrust until about 102 hours, 45 minutes
into the mission. Partially piloted manually by Armstrong, the Eagle landed in
the Sea of Tranquility in Site 2 at 0 degrees, 41 minutes, 15 seconds north
latitude and 23 degrees, 26 minutes east longitude. This was about four miles
downrange from the predicted touchdown point and occurred almost one-and-a-half
minutes earlier than scheduled. It included a powered descent that ran a mere
nominal 40 seconds longer than preflight planning due to translation maneuvers
to avoid a crater during the final phase of landing. Attached to the descent
stage was a commemorative plaque signed by President Richard M. Nixon and the
three astronauts.
The flight plan called for the first EVA to begin after
a four-hour rest period, but it was advanced to begin as soon as possible.
Nonetheless, it was almost four hours later that Armstrong emerged from the
Eagle and deployed the TV camera for the transmission of the event to Earth. At
about 109 hours, 42 minutes after launch, Armstrong stepped onto the moon. About
20 minutes later, Aldrin followed him. The camera was then positioned on a
tripod about 30 feet from the LM. Half an hour later, President Nixon spoke by
telephone link with the astronauts.
Commemorative medallions bearing the
names of the three Apollo 1 astronauts who lost their lives in a launch pad
fire, and two cosmonauts who also died in accidents, were left on the moon's
surface. A one-and-a-half inch silicon disk, containing micro miniaturized
goodwill messages from 73 countries, and the names of congressional and NASA
leaders, also stayed behind.
During the EVA, in which they both ranged up
to 300 feet from the Eagle, Aldrin deployed the Early Apollo Scientific
Experiments Package, or EASEP, experiments, and Armstrong and Aldrin gathered
and verbally reported on the lunar surface samples. After Aldrin had spent one
hour, 33 minutes on the surface, he re-entered the LM, followed 41 minutes later
by Armstrong. The entire EVA phase lasted more than two-and-a-half hours, ending
at 111 hours, 39 minutes into the mission.
Armstrong and Aldrin spent 21
hours, 36 minutes on the moon's surface. After a rest period that included seven
hours of sleep, the ascent stage engine fired at 124 hours, 22 minutes. It was
shut down 435 seconds later when the Eagle reached an initial orbit of 11 by 55
miles above the moon, and when Columbia was on its 25th revolution. As the
ascent stage reached apolune at 125 hours, 19 minutes, the reaction control
system, or RCS, fired so as to nearly circularize the Eagle orbit at about 56
miles, some 13 miles below and slightly behind Columbia. Subsequent firings of
the LM RCS changed the orbit to 57 by 72 miles. Docking with Columbia occurred
on the CSM's 27th revolution at 128 hours, three minutes into the mission.
Armstrong and Aldrin returned to the CSM with Collins. Four hours later, the LM
jettisoned and remained in lunar orbit.
Trans-Earth injection of the CSM
began July 21 as the SPS fired for two-and-a-half minutes when Columbia was
behind the moon in its 59th hour of lunar orbit. Following this, the astronauts
slept for about 10 hours. An 11.2 second firing of the SPS accomplished the only
midcourse correction required on the return flight. The correction was made July
22 at about 150 hours, 30 minutes into the mission. Two more television
transmissions were made during the trans-Earth coast.
Re-entry procedures
were initiated July 24, 44 hours after leaving lunar orbit. The SM separated
from the CM, which was re-oriented to a heat-shield-forward position. Parachute
deployment occurred at 195 hours, 13 minutes. After a flight of 195 hours, 18
minutes, 35 seconds - about 36 minutes longer than planned - Apollo 11 splashed
down in the Pacific Ocean, 13 miles from the recovery ship USS Hornet. Because
of bad weather in the target area, the landing point was changed by about 250
miles. Apollo 11 landed 13 degrees, 19 minutes north latitude and 169 degrees,
nine minutes west longitude July 24, 1969.
¡Extra! ¡Extra! ¡El hombre ha pisado la Luna!
Así recogió la prensa escrita los días previos y posteriores a la llegada a nuestro satélite la hazaña de la misión Apolo 11, y el momento histórico en el que los astronautas de la NASA aterrizaron en la Luna por primera vez
Semana Mundial del Ahorro en Perú
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Semana Mundial del Ahorro en Perú “No ahorres lo que te queda después de
gastar, gasta lo que te queda después de ahorrar”, éstas son palabras
sabias del g...
EL CUERPO DE CRISTO
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#lamentedeCristoelprimerdia
Ef 2: 19 Así que ya no sois extranjeros ni advenedizos, sino conciudadanos
de los santos, y miembros de la familia de Dios.
Fo...
