Blog dedicado a cuentos, notas de interés, actividades políticas , sociales, historia, artes culinarias, fiestas patronales, astronomía, ciencia ficción, temas del Medio Ambiente ,y del acontecer Peruano y Mundial desde otro punto de vista muy personal y diferente!!!!!
********** Blog Fundado el 03 de Enero del 2008 **********
NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft took this stunning image of Pluto only a few minutes after closest approach on July 14, 2015. The image was obtained at a high phase angle –that is, with the sun on the other side of Pluto, as viewed by New Horizons. Seen here, sunlight filters through and illuminates Pluto’s complex atmospheric haze layers. The southern portions of the nitrogen ice plains informally named Sputnik Planum, as well as mountains of the informally named Norgay Montes, can also be seen across Pluto’s crescent at the top of the image.
The image was obtained by New Horizons’ Ralph/Multispectral Visual Imaging Camera (MVIC) approximately 13,400 miles (21,550 kilometers) from Pluto, about 19 minutes after New Horizons’ closest approach. The image has a resolution of 1,400 feet (430 meters) per pixel. Pluto’s diameter is 1,475 miles (2,374 kilometers).
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., Esta imagen decapasde neblinapor encimadel miembrode Plutónfue tomada porla cámara de imagenvisibleRalph/multiespectral(CIVM)en lanave espacial NewHorizons de la NASA.se observanalrededor de 20capasde neblina;las capasse han encontrado paraextendertípicamentehorizontalmente sobrecientos de kilómetros, pero noson estrictamenteparalelos ala superficie.Por ejemplo, los científicosseñalanunacapa de neblinade unos 3millas (5kilómetros) sobrela superficie(zonainferiorizquierda de la imagen), que desciendea la superficiede la derecha.
This image of haze layers above Pluto’s limb was taken by the Ralph/Multispectral Visible Imaging Camera (MVIC) on NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft. About 20 haze layers are seen; the layers have been found to typically extend horizontally over hundreds of kilometers, but are not strictly parallel to the surface. For example, scientists note a haze layer about 3 miles (5 kilometers) above the surface (lower left area of the image), which descends to the surface at the right.
This week, in the journal Science, New Horizons scientists have authored the first comprehensive set of papers describing results from last summer’s Pluto system flyby. Above the surface, scientists discovered Pluto’s atmosphere contains layered hazes, and is both cooler and more compact than expected. This affects how Pluto’s upper atmosphere is lost to space, and how it interacts with the stream of charged particles from the sun known as the solar wind.
NASA Dawn spacecraft, Curiosity Mars rover and New Horizons spacecraft.
Credits: NASA
Researchers from NASA and other institutions will present science results from the agency’s Mars missions, New Horizons flyby of Pluto, and Dawn mission observations of the dwarf planet Ceres during the 47th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference March 21-25 near Houston.
The conference will take place at the Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center at 1601 Lake Robbins Drive in The Woodlands, Texas. Briefing times (all CDT) are as follows:
Noon, Monday, March 21 -- New Horizons mission media briefing
Noon, Tuesday, March 22 -- Dawn mission media briefing
7:30 p.m., Tuesday, March 22 -- Alan Stern, principal investigator for the New Horizons mission, will deliver a lecture, “The Exploration of Pluto.” This lecture is free and open to the public.
Media may register to attend. For information including links to the program, media advisories and contact information, visit:
In July 2015, NASA’s New Horizons became the first spacecraft to fly past Pluto, observing a wide range of surface expressions and geology that raise fundamental questions about how small planets can have active processes billions of years after they formed.
Results from the first year of Dawn’s exploration of Ceres mission will be presented, including new insights about the dwarf planet’s surface and composition.
The science presentations at the conference will include what researchers have learned from recent investigation by NASA's Curiosity rover of an active Martian sand dune and diverse findings from other NASA missions to Mars.
The conference is presented by the Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) in Houston. LPI is managed by the Universities Space Research Association (USRA), a national, nonprofit consortium of 105 leading research universities chartered in 1969 by the National Academy of Sciences at the request of NASA. USRA operates programs and institutes focused on research and education in several disciplines engaged in space-related science and engineering.
More information about the agenda and other activities is available online at:
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., Losglaciaresde hielode nitrógenoen Plutónparecenllevarunacargaintrigante:numerosascolinas, aisladasque puedenser fragmentos dehielo de aguadesdelas tierras altasde los alrededoresde Plutón.Estas colinasmidenindividualmenteuna a variasmillas okilómetros de diámetro, de acuerdo conlas imágenes y losdatos de lamisión NewHorizons de la NASA.
The nitrogen ice glaciers on Pluto appear to carry an intriguing cargo: numerous, isolated hills that may be fragments of water ice from Pluto’s surrounding uplands. These hills individually measure one to several miles or kilometers across, according to images and data from NASA’s New Horizons mission.
The hills, which are in the vast ice plain informally named Sputnik Planum within Pluto’s ‘heart,’ are likely miniature versions of the larger, jumbled mountains on Sputnik Planum’s western border. They are yet another example of Pluto’s fascinating and abundant geological activity.
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG.,Esta característica, conocida comoWrightMons,fuenombradode manera informalpor el equipo deNew Horizonsen honor de loshermanos Wright.Aunas 90 millas(150kilómetros)de ancho y2,5millas (4 kilómetros) de altura, esta característicaes enorme.Sien realidad esun volcánde hielo,como se sospecha, seríala más grandede estas característicasdescubiertoen el sistemasolar exterior....
Scientists with NASA’s New Horizons mission have assembled this highest-resolution color view of one of two potential cryovolcanoes spotted on the surface of Pluto by the New Horizons spacecraft in July 2015.
This feature, known as Wright Mons, was informally named by the New Horizons team in honor of the Wright brothers. At about 90 miles (150 kilometers) across and 2.5 miles (4 kilometers) high, this feature is enormous. If it is in fact an ice volcano, as suspected, it would be the largest such feature discovered in the outer solar system.
Mission scientists are intrigued by the sparse distribution of red material in the image and wonder why it is not more widespread. Also perplexing is that there is only one identified impact crater on Wright Mons itself, telling scientists that the surface (as well as some of the crust underneath) was created relatively recently. This is turn may indicate that Wright Mons was volcanically active late in Pluto’s history.
This composite image includes pictures taken by the New Horizons spacecraft’s Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) on July 14, 2015, from a range of about 30,000 miles (48,000 kilometers), showing features as small as 1,500 feet (450 meters) across. Sprinkled across the LORRI mosaic is enhanced color data from the Ralph/Multispectral Visible Imaging Camera (MVIC) gathered about 20 minutes after the LORRI snapshots were taken, from a range of 21,000 miles (34,000 kilometers) and at a resolution of about 2,100 feet (650 meters) per pixel. The entire scene is 140 miles (230 kilometers) across.
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., Plutónse mete en elespíritu de las fiestas,ataviadode rojoy verde.Esta imagenfue producidapor el equipo decomposición deNew Horizons,usando un par descansinstrumentoRalph/LEISAobtenidosen aproximadamente9:40AMel 14 de julio,a partir de unagamamedia de67.000millas (108.000kilómetros).La resolución es deunos 7 kilómetrospor píxelLEISA.Treslongitudes de ondainfrarrojas(02/28 a 02/23,01/25 a 01/30y1.64-1.73micras)se colocaron enlos trescanales de color(rojo, verdey azul, respectivamente) para crearesta falsadel retrato del colorde la Navidad.
Pluto gets into the holiday spirit, decked out in red and green. This image was produced by the New Horizons composition team, using a pair of Ralph/LEISA instrument scans obtained at approximately 9:40 AM on July 14, from a mean range of 67,000 miles (108,000 kilometers). The resolution is about 7 kilometers per LEISA pixel. Three infrared wavelength ranges (2.28-2.23, 1.25-1.30 and 1.64-1.73 microns) were placed into the three color channels (red, green and blue, respectively) to create this false color Christmas portrait.
Hola amigos:A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG.- Enesta imagende más alta resoluciónde la nave espacialNew Horizonsde la NASA,grandesbloques de la cortezade hielode aguade Plutónaparecenatascadojuntos enlas montañasal-Idrisiinformalmentecon nombre.Algunasladerasaparecenrecubiertos dematerial oscuro, mientras queotraspartesson brillantes.Variascarastransparentesparecen mostrarcapasde la corteza terrestre, tal vezrelacionada conlas capasse ven enalgunas delas paredes del cráterde Plutón.Otros materialesparecenaplastadosentre las montañas, como siestos grandesbloques dehielo de agua,algunosde piehasta1,5 millasde altura,fueronempujadoshacia atrás y adelante.El finmontañasabruptamente enla costadelinformalmentellamadoSputnikPlanum,dondelos hielosblandos,ricos en nitrógenode la llanuraformanuna superficie planacerca,sólo roto porel trabajotrazamulta desorprendente,límitescelulares yla superficie texturizadade la llanuradehelados(que estáposiblementerelacionado conla sublimacióndel hieloluz solarimpulsado).Este punto de vistaes de aproximadamente 50millas de ancho.La parte superior dela imagenesal noroestede Plutón.
In this highest-resolution image from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft, great blocks of Pluto’s water-ice crust appear jammed together in the informally named al-Idrisi mountains. Some mountain sides appear coated in dark material, while other sides are bright. Several sheer faces appear to show crustal layering, perhaps related to the layers seen in some of Pluto’s crater walls. Other materials appear crushed between the mountains, as if these great blocks of water ice, some standing as much as 1.5 miles high, were jostled back and forth. The mountains end abruptly at the shoreline of the informally named Sputnik Planum, where the soft, nitrogen-rich ices of the plain form a nearly level surface, broken only by the fine trace work of striking, cellular boundaries and the textured surface of the plain’s ices (which is possibly related to sunlight-driven ice sublimation). This view is about 50 miles wide. The top of the image is to Pluto’s northwest.
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., los científicos de la sonda NASA's New Horizons spacecraft, hicieronesta imagenen falso colorde Plutónutilizando una técnica llamadaanálisis de componentes principalespara poner de relievelas muchasdiferencias de colorsutiles entreregiones distintasde Plutón.Losdatos de las imágenesfueron recogidas porla cámara de colorRalph/MVICde la naveel 14 dejulio a las11:11GMT, desdeun rango de22.000millas (35.000kilómetros).Esta imagenfue presentado porWillGrundydelequipo decomposición de la superficiede laNew Horizons', el 9de noviembre enla Divisiónde Ciencias Planetarias(DPS)reunión de la SociedadAstronómica Americana(AAS)en NationalHarbor,Maryland.
New Horizons scientists made this false color image of Pluto using a technique called principal component analysis to highlight the many subtle color differences between Pluto's distinct regions. The image data were collected by the spacecraft’s Ralph/MVIC color camera on July 14 at 11:11 AM UTC, from a range of 22,000 miles (35,000 kilometers). This image was presented by Will Grundy of the New Horizons’ surface composition team on Nov. 9 at the Division for Planetary Sciences (DPS) meeting of the American Astronomical Society (AAS) in National Harbor, Maryland.
Most inner moons in the solar system keep one face pointed toward their central planet; this animation shows that certainly isn’t the case with the small moons of Pluto, which behave like spinning tops. Pluto is shown at center with, in order from closest to farthest orbit, its moons Charon, Styx, Nix, Kerberos and Hydra.
Credits: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI/M. Showalter
Using New Horizons images of Pluto’s surface to make 3-D topographic maps, scientists discovered that two of Pluto’s mountains, informally named Wright Mons and Piccard Mons, could be ice volcanoes. The color depicts changes in elevation, blue indicating lower terrain and brown showing higher elevation. Green terrains are at intermediate heights.
Credits: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI
From possible ice volcanoes to twirling moons, NASA’s New Horizons science team is discussing more than 50 exciting discoveries about Pluto at this week’s 47th Annual Meeting of the American Astronomical Society’s Division for Planetary Sciences in National Harbor, Maryland.
“The New Horizons mission has taken what we thought we knew about Pluto and turned it upside down,” said Jim Green, director of planetary science at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “It's why we explore -- to satisfy our innate curiosity and answer deeper questions about how we got here and what lies beyond the next horizon."
For one such discovery, New Horizons geologists combined images of Pluto’s surface to make 3-D maps that indicate two of Pluto’s most distinctive mountains could be cryovolcanoes -- ice volcanoes that may have been active in the recent geological past.
“It’s hard to imagine how rapidly our view of Pluto and its moons are evolving as new data stream in each week. As the discoveries pour in from those data, Pluto is becoming a star of the solar system,” said mission Principal Investigator Alan Stern of the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado. “Moreover, I’d wager that for most planetary scientists, any one or two of our latest major findings on one world would be considered astounding. To have them all is simply incredible.”
The two cryovolcano candidates are large features measuring tens of miles or kilometers across and several miles or kilometers high.
“These are big mountains with a large hole in their summit, and on Earth that generally means one thing -- a volcano,” said Oliver White, New Horizons postdoctoral researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California. “If they are volcanic, then the summit depression would likely have formed via collapse as material is erupted from underneath. The strange hummocky texture of the mountain flanks may represent volcanic flows of some sort that have traveled down from the summit region and onto the plains beyond, but why they are hummocky, and what they are made of, we don't yet know.”
While their appearance is similar to volcanoes on Earth that spew molten rock, ice volcanoes on Pluto are expected to emit a somewhat melted slurry of substances such as water ice, nitrogen, ammonia, or methane. If Pluto proves to have volcanoes, it will provide an important new clue to its geologic and atmospheric evolution.
“After all, nothing like this has been seen in the deep outer solar system,” said Jeffrey Moore, New Horizons Geology, Geophysics and Imaging team leader, at Ames.
Pluto’s Long History of Geologic Activity
Pluto’s surface varies in age -- from ancient, to intermediate, to relatively young --according to another new finding from New Horizons.
To determine the age of a surface area of the planet, scientists count crater impacts. The more crater impacts, the older the region likely is. Crater counts of surface areas on Pluto indicate that it has surface regions dating to just after the formation of the planets of our solar system, about four billion years ago.
But there also is a vast area that was, in geological terms, born yesterday -- meaning it may have formed within the past 10 million years. This area, informally named Sputnik Planum, appears on the left side of Pluto’s “heart” and is completely crater-free in all images received, so far.
New data from crater counts reveal the presence of intermediate, or “middle-aged,” terrains on Pluto, as well. This suggests Sputnik Planum is not an anomaly -- that Pluto has been geologically active throughout much of its more than 4-billion-year history.
“We’ve mapped more than a thousand craters on Pluto, which vary greatly in size and appearance,” said postdoctoral researcher Kelsi Singer, of the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Boulder, Colorado. “Among other things, I expect cratering studies like these to give us important new insights into how this part of the solar system formed.”
Locations of more than 1,000 craters mapped on Pluto by NASA’s New Horizons mission indicate a wide range of surface ages, which likely means Pluto has been geologically active throughout its history.
Credits: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI
Building Blocks of the Solar System
Crater counts are giving the New Horizons team insight into the structure of the Kuiper Belt itself. The dearth of smaller craters across Pluto and its large moon Charon indicate the Kuiper Belt, which is an unexplored outer region of our solar system, likely had fewer smaller objects than some models had predicted.
This leads New Horizons scientists to doubt a longstanding model that all Kuiper Belt objects formed by accumulating much smaller objects --less than a mile wide. The absence of small craters on Pluto and Charon support other models theorizing that Kuiper Belt objects tens of miles across may have formed directly, at their current -- or close to current -- size.
In fact, the evidence that many Kuiper Belt objects could have been “born large” has scientists excited that New Horizons’ next potential target -- the 30-mile-wide (40-50 kilometer wide) KBO named 2014 MU69 -- which may offer the first detailed look at just such a pristine, ancient building block of the solar system.
Pluto’s Spinning, Merged Moons
The New Horizons mission also is shedding new light on Pluto’s fascinating system of moons, and their unusual properties. For example, nearly every other moon in the solar system -- including Earth’s moon -- is in synchronous rotation, keeping one face toward the planet. This is not the case for Pluto’s small moons.
Pluto’s small lunar satellites are spinning much faster, with Hydra -- its most distant moon -- rotating an unprecedented 89 times during a single lap around the planet. Scientists believe these spin rates may be variable because Charon exerts a strong torque that prevents each small moon from settling down into synchronous rotation.
Another oddity of Pluto’s moons: scientists expected the satellites would wobble, but not to such a degree.
“Pluto’s moons behave like spinning tops,” said co-investigator Mark Showalter of the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California.
Images of Pluto’s four smallest satellites also indicate several of them could be the results of mergers of two or more moons.
Data from NASA's New Horizons mission indicates that at least two -- and possibly all four -- of Pluto’s small moons may be the result of mergers between still smaller moons. If this discovery is borne out with further analysis, it could provide important new clues to the formation of the Pluto system.
Credits: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI
“We suspect from this that Pluto had more moons in the past, in the aftermath of the big impact that also created Charon,” said Showalter.
To view more images and graphics being presented by New Horizons scientists at the 47th Annual Meeting of the American Astronomical Society’s Division for Planetary Sciences, visit:
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., NASAestá presentandomosaicos dePlutón ysu lunaCarontemás grande, lo que representala respuesta mundial asu popular"#PlutoTime"campaña de medios sociales.El conceptode PlutónTiempoyWidget fue desarrolladopor elequipo científico deNew Horizonspara quela gente pudieraexperimentarel nivel deluz solaraproximadaen Plutónal mediodía,por lo generalalrededor deamanecer o al atardeceren la Tierra.Miles deestaspresentacioneshansido reunidosen tresmosaicosimpresionantesdePlutón,Caronte,y una imagencombinadade los dos.Los mosaicosincluyen nosólo loscielososcurosen la Tierra, sinolugares de interés turístico,selfies, e incluso lasmascotas de la familia.
Una foto deClydeTombaugh,el norteamericano quedescubrióPlutón en1930,está integrado eneste mosaicode centenares deimágenes compartidasdurante la campaña.Site acercasa lainserciónenesta imagen, se puede veruna foto deTombaughy sucaseratelescopiode 9 pulgadasen la regiónde lade Plutón"corazón",informalmentellamadoTombaughRegio.
NASA is unveiling mosaics of Pluto and its largest moon Charon, representing the global response to its popular “#PlutoTime” social media campaign. The Pluto Time concept and widget was developed by the New Horizons science team so that people could experience the approximate sunlight level on Pluto at noon—generally around dawn or dusk on Earth. Thousands of those submissions have now been assembled into three stunning mosaics of Pluto, Charon, and a combined image of the two. The mosaics include not only dim skies on Earth, but famous landmarks, selfies, and even family pets.
A photo of Clyde Tombaugh, the American who discovered Pluto in 1930, is embedded in this mosaic of hundreds of images shared during the campaign. If you zoom in on the inset in this image, you can see a photo of Tombaugh and his homemade 9-inch telescope in the region of Pluto’s “heart,” informally named Tombaugh Regio.
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., hemos recibido información de la Agencia Espacial NASA, que logró con éxito total la aproximación hacia el planeta enano Plutón de sumisión: NASA’s New Horizons Spacecraft, nave que después de un largo viaje, por el Sistema Solar, ya se aproxima a Plutón este 14 de julio del 2015, un logro de la tecnología espacial norteamericana sin precedentes, que nuestro Blog: A vuelo de un quinde, se felicita, en tomar seguir con mucha pasión todos los avances de la investigación espacial, somos unos convencidos de la existencia de Vida Extraterrestre y seguiremos insistiendo que en algún momento habrá contacto si ya no lo hubo en algún momento.
Nuestra felicitaciones NASA, y que sigan los avances en la investigación espacial.
New Horizons Ya Está en Plutón
14.07.15.- Después de un viaje de
una década a través de nuestro Sistema Solar, New Horizons hizo su
máxima aproximación a Plutón el martes 14 de Julio, sobrevolando a unos
12.472 kilómetros por encima de su superficie - más o menos la misma
distancia de Nueva York a Mumbai, India - lo que la convierte en la
primera misión espacial en explorar un mundo tan lejos de la Tierra.
"Estoy muy contento con este último
logro de la NASA, lo que demuestra una vez más cómo los Estados Unidos
es líder mundial en el espacio", dijo John Holdren, asistente del
presidente para la Ciencia y la Tecnología y director de la Oficina de
la Casa Blanca para Políticas de Ciencia y Tecnología. "New Horizons es
el último de una larga lista de logros científicos de la NASA,
incluyendo múltiples misiones orbitales y de exploración de la
superficie de Marte antes de visitas humanas que todavía están por
venir; la misión Kepler para identificar planetas similares a la Tierra
alrededor de estrellas distintas de la nuestra; y el satélite DSCOVR que
pronto obtendrá imágenes de toda la Tierra casi en tiempo real desde un
punto de vista de un millón de millas de distancia. Mientras New
Horizons completa su sobrevuelo de Plutón y continúa más profundamente
en el Cinturón de Kuiper, el viaje multifacético de descubrimientos de
la NASA continúa ".
Así es Plutón. Imagen capatada por las cámaras a bordo de la sobnda espacial New Horizons. Image Credit: NASA
"La exploración de Plutón y sus lunas
por New Horizons representa el evento de culminación de 50 años de
exploración planetaria de la NASA y los Estados Unidos", dijo el
administrador de la NASA Charles Bolden. "Una vez más hemos logrado algo
histórico por primera vez. Los Estados Unidos es la primera nación en
llegar a Plutón, y con esta misión se ha completado la encuesta inicial
de nuestro Sistema Solar, un logro notable que ningún otro país puede
igualar ".
Según el plan, la nave espacial
actualmente está en modo de recopilación de datos y no tiene contacto
con los controladores de vuelo del Laboratorio de Física Aplicada de la
Universidad Johns Hopkins en Laurel, Maryland. Los científicos están
esperando el momento en que New Horizons "llame a casa", transmitiendo a
la Tierra una serie de actualizaciones de estado que indiquen que la
nave sobrevivió al sobrevuelo y se encuentra en buen estado de salud. La
"llamada" se espera poco después de las 21:00 EDT (1:00 GMT del 14 de
Julio).
Miembros del equipo de New Horizons celebran el momento histórico de la llegada de New Horizons a Plutón. Image Credit: NASA
La historia de Plutón empezó hace apenas
una generación cuando el joven Clyde Tombaugh se encargó de buscar el
Planeta X, teorizado que existía más allá de la órbita de Neptuno.
Descubrió un punto débil de la luz que ahora vemos como un mundo
complejo y fascinante.
"Plutón fue descubierto hace unos 85
años por el hijo de un granjero de Kansas, inspirado en un visionario de
Boston, usando un telescopio en Flagstaff, Arizona," dijo John
Grunsfeld, administrador asociado del Directorio de Misiones Científicas
de la NASA en Washington. "Hoy en día, la ciencia toma un gran salto al
observar el sistema de Plutón de cerca y volar hacia una nueva frontera
que nos ayudará a entender mejor los orígenes del Sistema Solar ".
El sobrevuelo de New Horizons del
planeta enano y sus cinco lunas conocidas proporcionará una introducción
de cerca al Cinturón de Kuiper del Sistema Solar, una zona exterior
poblado por objetos helados que van desde piedras a planetas enanos. Los
objetos del Cinturón de Kuiper, como Plutón, preservan la evidencia
sobre la formación temprana del Sistema Solar.
El investigador principal de New
Horizons, Alan Stern, del Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) en
Boulder, Colorado, dice que la misión ahora está escribiendo el libro de
texto en Plutón.
"El equipo de New Horizons se
enorgullece de haber logrado la primera exploración del sistema de
Plutón", dijo Stern. "Esta misión ha inspirado a gente de todo el mundo
con la emoción de la exploración y de lo que la humanidad puede
alcanzar."
New Horizons ha "Llamado a Casa". Estado: OK
15.07.15.- La llamada que todos
estábamos esperando se produjo. La nave espacial New Horizons de la NASA
"llamó a casa" poco antes de la 1:00 GMT de la madrugada de hoy
miércoles. La comunicación fue recibida desde la estación de la NASA en
Robledo de Chavela, Madrid. La información fue recibida por la antena
más grande de la base, la DSS-63, de 70m de diámetro.
"Sé que hoy hemos inspirado a toda una
nueva generación de exploradores con este gran éxito, y esperamos los
descubrimientos venideros", dijo el administrador de la NASA Charles
Bolden. "Este es un triunfo histórico para la ciencia y para la
exploración. Hemos subido el listón del potencial humano ".
La "llamada telefónica" preprogramada --
una serie de mensajes de datos de 15 minutos devuelta a la sala de
operaciones de la misión, en el Laboratorio de Física Aplicada de la
Universidad Johns Hopkins en Maryland a través de la Red del Espacio
Profundo de la NASA -- puso fin a una espera de 21 horas. New Horizons
tenía orden de pasar el día recopilando la mayor cantidad posible de
datos y no comunicarse con la Tierra hasta haber dejado atrás el sistema
de Plutón.
Miembros
del equipo de la msisión de New Horizons celebran la "llamada a casa"
de New Horizons en el Centro de Operaciones de la Misión en el
Laboratorio de Física Aplicada de la Universidad Johns Hopkins en
Maryland. Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls.
"Con el exitoso sobrevuelo de Plutón
estamos celebrando el evento final de una edad de oro de la exploración
planetaria,"dijo John Grunsfeld, administrador asociado para la
dirección de misiones de ciencia de la NASA en Washington. "Mientras que
este acontecimiento histórico todavía está despegando--con el Plutón
más emocionante para la ciencia aún por delante -- una nueva era de
exploración del sistema solar apenas está comenzando. Misiones de la
NASA irán desvelando los misterios de Marte, Júpiter, Europa y mundos
alrededor de otros soles en los próximos años."
Plutón es el primer objeto del Cinturón
de Kuiper visitado por una misión de la Tierra. New Horizons continuarán
su aventura en el Cinturón de Kuiper, donde miles de objetos tienen
pistas congeladas en cuanto a cómo se formó el sistema solar.
"Siguiendo los pasos de misiones de
exploración planetaria como Mariner, Pioneer y Voyager, New Horizons ha
triunfado en Plutón", dijo el investigador principal de New Horizons,
Alan Stern, del Instituto de Investigación del Suroeste en Boulder,
Colorado. "El sobrevuelo de New Horizons completa la primera era de la
exploración planetaria, una tarea de medio siglo que siempre será un
legado de nuestro tiempo."
New Horizons está recogiendo tantos datos que tardará 16 meses para enviar todo de vuelta a la Tierra.
"En nombre de todos en el Laboratorio de
Física Aplicada (APL), de la Universidad de Johns Hopkins, quiero
felicitar al equipo de New Horizons por la dedicación, habilidad,
creatividad y determinación que demostraron para llegar a este hito
histórico," dijo el Director de APL Ralph Semmel. "Estamos orgullosos de
ser parte de un equipo verdaderamente asombroso de científicos,
ingenieros y expertos de las operaciones de la misión de nuestro país
que trabajó incansablemente para asegurar el éxito de esta misión".
ASA
More information.........
http://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/nasa-celebrates-new-horizons-closest-approach-to-pluto
New Horizons Vuelve a Operar Normalmente Tras Sufrir una Pequeña Anomalía
06.07.15.- La nave espacial New
Horizons de la NASA ha vuelto a sus operaciones científicas normales
después de sufrir una anomalía el sábado 4 de Julio y actualmente se
encuentra viajando en perfectas condiciones para realizar un sobrevuelo
cercano a Plutón el próximo 14 de Julio.
La investigación sobre la anomalía que
causó que New Horizons entrase en modo seguro el 4 de Julio ha concluido
que no hubo ningún fallo de hardware o software en la nave espacial. La
causa subyacente del incidente fue un error difícil de detectar en la
sincronización de la secuencia de comandos de la nave espacial durante
una operación para prepararse para el sobrevuelo cercano. No se han
previsto operaciones similares durante el resto del periodo de encuentro
con Plutón.
Representacíón artística de la aproximación de New Horizons a Plutón. Image Credit: NASA
"Me alegra que nuestro equipo de la
misión identificase rápidamente el problema y asegurase el buen estado
de la nave espacial", dijo Jim Green, director de Ciencias Planetarias
de la NASA. "Ahora - con Plutón en la mira - estamos a punto de volver a
las operaciones normales e ir por el oro."
Los preparativos están en curso para
reanudar las operaciones científicas planeadas originalmente para el 7
de Julio y llevar a cabo toda la secuencia completa del sobrevuelo
cercano como estaba previsto. El equipo científico de la misión y el
investigador principal han concluido que las observaciones científicas
perdidas durante la recuperación de anomalías no afectan a ninguno de
los principales objetivos de la misión, con un efecto mínimo en
objetivos menores.
Además del reto de la recuperación está
la distancia extrema que existe entre la nave espacial y la Tierra. New
Horizons está a casi 4.500 millones de kilómetros de distancia, donde
las señales de radio, incluso viajando a la velocidad de la luz,
necesitan 4,5 horas para llegar a casa. La comunicación bidireccional
entre la nave y sus operadores requiere una ida y vuelta de nueve horas.
NASA Celebrates New Horizons' Closest Approach to Pluto
Guests and New Horizons team members countdown to the
spacecraft's closest approach to Pluto, Tuesday, July 14, 2015 at the
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel,
Maryland. Additional mission information. Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls
On July 11, 2015, New Horizons captured a world that is
growing more fascinating by the day. For the first time on Pluto, this
view reveals linear features that may be cliffs, as well as a circular
feature that could be an impact crater. Rotating into view is the bright
heart-shaped feature that will be seen in more detail during New
Horizons’ closest approach on July 14. The annotated version includes a
diagram indicating Pluto’s north pole, equator, and central meridian.
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EN BLOG., hemos recibido información de la Agencia Espacial NASA, sobre las actividades del Satélite NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft, en sus investigaciones sobre el planeta Plutón.
NASA, nos dice: Estas imágenes muestranla diferencia entredos conjuntos de48exposiciones combinadasde 10segundosconNew Horizons'Long RangeReconocimientoImager(LORRI)cámara, tomadaa las 8:40GMTy10:25GMTel 26 de juniode 2015,de un rango de21.5millones dekilómetros (aproximadamente 13millones de millas)aPlutón. Los satélites pequeñasconocidas,Nix,Hidra,Kerberos yStyx,son visibles comobrillanteadyacente yparesoscuras depuntos,debido a sumovimiento enlos 105minutos entrelos dosconjuntos de imágenes.
These images show the difference between two sets
of 48 combined 10-second exposures with New Horizons' Long Range
Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) camera, taken at 8:40 UTC and 10:25 UTC on
June 26, 2015, from a range of 21.5 million kilometers (approximately
13 million miles) to Pluto. The known small moons, Nix, Hydra, Kerberos
and Styx, are visible as adjacent bright and dark pairs of dots, due to
their motion in the 105 minutes between the two image sets.
Credits: NASA/JHU-APL/SwRI
NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft is getting a final “all clear” as it
speeds closer to its historic July 14 flyby of Pluto and the dwarf
planet’s five moons.
After seven weeks of detailed searches for dust clouds, rings, and
other potential hazards, the New Horizons team has decided the
spacecraft will remain on its original path through the Pluto system
instead of making a late course correction to detour around any hazards.
Because New Horizons is traveling at 30,800 mph (49,600 kph), a
particle as small as a grain of rice could be lethal.
“We’re breathing a collective sigh of relief knowing that the way
appears to be clear,” said Jim Green, director of planetary science at
NASA. “The science payoff will be richer as we gather data from the
optimal flight path, as opposed to having to conduct observations from
one of the back-up trajectories.”
Mission scientists have been using the spacecraft’s most powerful
telescopic camera, the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI), to look
for potential hazards, such as small moons, rings, or dust, since
mid-May. The decision on whether to keep the spacecraft on its original
course or adopt a Safe Haven by Other Trajectory, or "SHBOT" path, had
to be made this week since the last opportunity to maneuver New Horizons
onto an alternate trajectory is July 4.
“Not finding new moons or rings present is a bit of a scientific
surprise to most of us,” said principal investigator Alan Stern of the
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Boulder, Colorado. “But as a
result, no engine burn is needed to steer clear of potential hazards. We
presented these data to NASA for review and received approval to
proceed on course and plan. We are ‘go’ for the best of our planned
Pluto encounter trajectories.”
New Horizons formed a hazard analysis team in 2011, after the
discovery of Pluto’s fourth moon, Kerberos, raised concerns the
cratering of these moons by small debris from the outer area of the
solar system known as the Kuiper Belt, could spread additional hazardous
debris into New Horizons’ path. Mission engineers re-tested spare
spacecraft blanketing and parts back on Earth to determine how well they
would stand up to particle impacts, and scientists modeled the likely
formation and locations of rings and debris in the Pluto system. By the
time New Horizons’ cameras were close enough to Pluto to start the
search last month, the team had already estimated the chances of a
catastrophic incident at far less than one percent.
The images used in the latest searches that cleared the mission to
stay on its current course were taken June 22, 23 and 26. Pluto and all
five of its known moons are visible in the images, but scientists saw no
rings, new moons, or hazards of any kind. The hazards team determined
that satellites as faint as about 15 times dimmer than Pluto’s faintest
known moon, Styx, would have been seen if they existed beyond the orbit
of Pluto’s largest and closest moon, Charon.
If any rings do exist, the hazard team determined they must be
extremely faint, reflecting less than one 5-millionth of the incoming
sunlight.
“The suspense – at least most of it – is behind us,” says John
Spencer, of SwRI, who leads the New Horizons hazard analysis team. “As a
scientist I’m a bit disappointed that we didn’t spot additional moons
to study, but as a New Horizons team member I am much more relieved that
we didn’t find something that could harm the spacecraft. New Horizons
already has six amazing objects to analyze in this incredible system.”
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel,
Maryland, designed, built, and operates the New Horizons spacecraft, and
manages the mission for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. The
Southwest Research Institute, based in San Antonio, leads the science
team, payload operations and encounter science planning. New Horizons is
part of the New Frontiers Program managed by NASA’s Marshall Space
Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.
For more information on the New Horizons mission, including fact sheets, schedules, video and images, visit:
Follow the New Horizons mission on Twitter and use the hashtag #PlutoFlyby to join the conversation. Live updates will be available on the mission Facebook page.
Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., hemos recibido información de la Agencia Espacial NASA, sobre el satélite NASA’s New Horizons, que por primera vez captó fotografiando los satélites o lunas que giran alrededor de Plutón: Kerberos y Styx que son las más débil y más pequeña de las cinco conocidas de Plutón, Antes detectó el satélite o luna gigante Charon
(Caronte) en julio del 2013 y las más pequeñas Hydra y Nix en julio del 2014 y enero del 2015 respectivamente.New Horizonsestá ahoraa la vista detodoslosmiembros conocidosdel sistema dePlutón.
More information........
http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-to-hold-media-call-to-discuss-surprising-observations-of-pluto-s-moons
It’s a complete Pluto family photo – or at least a photo of the family members we’ve already met.
For the first time, NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft has photographed
Kerberos and Styx – the smallest and faintest of Pluto’s five known
moons. Following the spacecraft’s detection of Pluto’s giant moon Charon
in July 2013, and Pluto’s smaller moons Hydra and Nix in July 2014 and
January 2015, respectively, New Horizons is now within sight of all the
known members of the Pluto system.
“New Horizons is now on the threshold of discovery,” said mission
science team member John Spencer, of the Southwest Research Institute in
Boulder, Colorado. “If the spacecraft observes any additional moons as
we get closer to Pluto, they will be worlds that no one has seen
before.”
Drawing ever closer to Pluto in mid-May, New Horizons will begin its
first search for new moons or rings that might threaten the spacecraft
on its passage through the Pluto system. The images of faint Styx and
Kerberos shown here are allowing the search team to refine the
techniques they will use to analyze those data, which will push the
sensitivity limits even deeper.
Kerberos and Styx were discovered in 2011 and 2012, respectively, by
New Horizons team members using the Hubble Space Telescope. Styx,
circling Pluto every 20 days between the orbits of Charon and Nix, is
likely just 4 to 13 miles (approximately 7 to 21 kilometers) in
diameter, and Kerberos, orbiting between Nix and Hydra with a 32-day
period, is just 6 to 20 miles (approximately 10 to 30 kilometers) in
diameter. Each is 20 to 30 times fainter than Nix and Hydra.
The images detecting Kerberos and Styx shown here were taken with New
Horizons’ most sensitive camera, the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager
(LORRI), from April 25-May 1. Each observation consists of five
10-second exposures that have been added together to make the image in
the left panel. Images were extensively processed to reduce the bright
glare of Pluto and Charon and largely remove the dense field of
background stars (center and right panels). This reveals the faint
satellites, whose positions and orbits - along with those of brighter
moons Nix and Hydra - are given in the right panel.
“Detecting these tiny moons from a distance of more than 55 million
miles is amazing, and a credit to the team that built our LORRI
long-range camera and John Spencer’s team of moon and ring hunters,”
added New Horizons Principal Investigator Alan Stern, of the Southwest
Research Institute.
Kerberos is visible in all of the images, though is partially
obscured in the second image. Styx is not visible in the first image,
only in subsequent ones; on April 25 it was obscured by electronic
artifacts in the camera – the black and white streaks extending to the
right of the extremely overexposed images of Pluto and Charon in the
center of the frame. These artifacts point in different directions in
different images due to the varying orientation of the spacecraft. Other
unlabeled features in the processed images include the imperfectly
removed images of background stars and other residual artifacts.
Although Styx and Kerberos are more visible in some frames than
others, perhaps due to brightness fluctuations as they rotate on their
axes, their identity is confirmed by their positions being exactly where
they are predicted to be (in the center of the circles in the right
panel).
The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL)
designed, built, and operates the New Horizons spacecraft, and manages
the mission for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. SwRI leads the
science team, payload operations and encounter science planning. New
Horizons is part of the New Frontiers Program managed by NASA’s Marshall
Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.
NASA to Hold Media Call to Discuss Surprising Observations of Pluto’s Moons
NASA will host a media teleconference at 1 p.m. EDT on
Wednesday, June 3, to discuss the Hubble Space Telescope’s surprising
observations of how Pluto’s moons behave, and how these new discoveries
are being used in the planning for the New Horizons Pluto flyby in July.
Participants in the teleconference will be:
John Grunsfeld, associate administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington
Mark Showalter, senior research scientist at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California
Douglas Hamilton, professor of astronomy at the University of Maryland, College Park
John Spencer, scientist at Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado
Heidi Hammel, executive vice president of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy in Washington
To participate by phone, reporters must contact Felicia Chou at 202-358-0257 or felicia.chou@nasa.gov
and provide their media affiliation no later than 10 a.m. Wednesday.
Audio of the teleconference will be streamed live at: http://www.nasa.gov/newsaudio
For information about NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/hubble
For information about Pluto and NASA’s New Horizons mission, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/newhorizons
-end-
Felicia Chou
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-0257 felicia.chou@nasa.gov
Ray Villard
Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Md.
410-338-4514 villard@stsci.edu
Semana Mundial del Ahorro en Perú
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Semana Mundial del Ahorro en Perú “No ahorres lo que te queda después de
gastar, gasta lo que te queda después de ahorrar”, éstas son palabras
sabias del g...
EL CUERPO DE CRISTO
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#lamentedeCristoelprimerdia
Ef 2: 19 Así que ya no sois extranjeros ni advenedizos, sino conciudadanos
de los santos, y miembros de la familia de Dios.
Fo...
