ASTRONOMÍA: LA NASA PRESENTA UN NUEVO SISTEMA DE LANZAMIENTO PARA LLEVAR AL HOMBRE A MARTE

Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., la Agencia Espacial Norteamericana NASA anunció sus nuevos sistemas de lanzamientos de naves hacia el espacio que llevarán al hombre a Marte, programado para el 2030; El Vehículo Polivalente de carga y tripulación Orión, in english : The Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, será lanzado por el Sistema de Lanzamiento Espacial (SLS); in english version: The Space Launch System(SLS).Aquí en la imagen observamos a: El sistema de lanzamiento espacial (SLS) ha sido diseñado para llevar al vehículo polivalente de carga y tripulación Orion a nuevos destinos en el espacio profundo.

El director de la NASA, Charles Bolden, presentó hoy el nuevo sistema de lanzamiento espacial que permitirá realizar vuelos tripulados más allá de la órbita terrestre baja, como hasta ahora, y llegar en un futuro a Marte.
El sistema de lanzamiento espacial (SLS) ha sido diseñado para llevar al vehículo polivalente de carga y tripulación Orion a nuevos destinos en el espacio profundo y servirá como respaldo para las naves de transporte comercial que realizarán los vuelos de carga y reemplazo de astronautas a la Estación Espacial Internacional (EEI) .
"Este nuevo sistema de lanzamiento creará buenos puestos de trabajo en Estados Unidos y garantizará el liderazgo estadounidense en el espacio" , aseguró en unas declaraciones a la prensa Bolden en el edificio Dirksen del Senado.
El presidente Barack Obama "nos ha retado a ser atrevidos, a soñar a lo grande, y eso es exactamente lo que estamos haciendo en la NASA" , dijo Bolden.
Este proyecto, aseguró, permitirá empezar una nueva etapa en la exploración espacial que "inspirará a millones de personas en todo el mundo" .
Con esta decisión culminan meses de revisiones exhaustivas de planes y diseños posibles para que la NASA cuente con un sistema de lanzamiento no sólo potente, sino versátil, que permita ir adaptándolo con las nuevas tecnologías a las necesidades que surjan.
El cohete será el más potente desde que Estados Unidos construyó el Saturno V, que llevó a los astronautas del Apolo a la Luna, y permitirá al hombre alcanzar de nuevo lugares sin explorar.
Tendrá una capacidad inicial de 70 toneladas y que se ampliará hasta las 130, utilizará hidrógeno líquido y oxígeno líquido como combustible, además será propulsado por motores RS-25D/E y está previsto que en las etapas superiores lleve motores J2X. Se espera que pueda realizar su primer vuelo a finales de 2017.
Este nuevo cohete de carga pesada será la "clave" para la ejecución del plan trazado por el presidente Obama y el Congreso bajo la NASA Authorization Act, ley que el presidente firmó el año pasado, señaló Bolden.
"Una vez resuelta la arquitectura del sistema de lanzamiento de carga pesada, la NASA puede ahora seguir adelante con la construcción del cohete, así como de una nueva generación de vehículos y de tecnologías necesarias para un ambicioso programa de misiones tripuladas en el espacio profundo" , señaló en un comunicado John Holdren, asistente de la Casa Blanca para Ciencia y Tecnología.
La NASA retiró de circulación en julio los transbordadores, de gran capacidad, con los que durante treinta años realizó viajes de carga y tripulados al espacio y que contribuyeron a la construcción de la Estación Espacial Internacional (EEI) .
Al retirarlos se quedó sin un vehículo propio para llevar los relevos a la EEI, un proyecto en el que participan dieciséis países, y ha quedado temporalmente a merced de las naves rusas Soyuz para transportar a los relevos de la tripulación permanente del complejo espacial. Mientras, la NASA ha cedido el testigo a la empresa privada para que diseñen las naves con las que realizarán los viajes a la órbita terrestre baja mientras la agencia estatal se centra en el proyecto más ambicioso de seguir explorando el Universo.
El presidente Obama marcó el pasado año las nuevas pautas de la agencia espacial estadounidense haciendo especial énfasis en la vuelta a la exploración y entre las nuevas metas señaló el viaje a un asteroide en torno al año 2025 y la primera misión tripulada a Marte en la década de 2030. Metro Noticias.
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com

ayabaca@yahoo.com

ASTRONOMY: NASA Announces Design For New Deep Space Exploration System

Hi My Friends: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., NASA is ready to move forward with the development of the Space Launch System -- an advanced heavy-lift launch vehicle that will provide an entirely new national capability for human exploration beyond Earth's orbit. The Space Launch System will give the nation a safe, affordable and sustainable means of reaching beyond our current limits and opening up new discoveries from the unique vantage point of space.

SLS Launch
Artist concept of SLS launching.

The Space Launch System, or SLS, will be designed to carry the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle, as well as important cargo, equipment and science experiments to Earth's orbit and destinations beyond. Additionally, the SLS will serve as a back up for commercial and international partner transportation services to the International Space Station.

"This launch system will create good-paying American jobs, ensure continued U.S. leadership in space, and inspire millions around the world," NASA Administrator Charles Bolden said. "President Obama challenged us to be bold and dream big, and that's exactly what we are doing at NASA. While I was proud to fly on the space shuttle, tomorrow's explorers will now dream of one day walking on Mars."

The SLS rocket will incorporate technological investments from the Space Shuttle Program and the Constellation Program in order to take advantage of proven hardware and cutting-edge tooling and manufacturing technology that will significantly reduce development and operations costs. It will use a liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propulsion system, which will include the RS-25D/E from the Space Shuttle Program for the core stage and the J-2X engine for the upper stage. SLS will also use solid rocket boosters for the initial development flights, while follow-on boosters will be competed based on performance requirements and affordability considerations. The SLS will have an initial lift capacity of 70 metric tons. That's more than 154,000 pounds, or 77 tons, roughly the weight of 40 sport utility vehicles. The lift capacity will be evolvable to 130 metric tons -- more than 286,000 pounds, or 143 tons -- enough to lift 75 SUVs. The first developmental flight, or mission, is targeted for the end of 2017.

Future Exploration Destinations
An artist's concept shows the Orion Multipurpose Crew Vehicle and future destinations for human exploration beyond Earth orbit: the moon, an asteroid and Mars. NASA has selected the design of a new Space Launch System that will take the agency's astronauts farther into space than ever before, create high-quality jobs here at home, and provide the cornerstone for America's future human space exploration efforts. The booster will be America’s most powerful since the Saturn V rocket that carried Apollo astronauts to the moon and will launch humans to places no one has gone before.The SLS will carry human crews beyond low Earth orbit in the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle. The rocket will use a liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fuel system, where RS-25D/E engines will provide the core propulsion and the J2X engine is planned for use in the upper stage.

Credit: NASA

This specific architecture was selected, largely because it utilizes an evolvable development approach, which allows NASA to address high-cost development activities early on in the program and take advantage of higher buying power before inflation erodes the available funding of a fixed budget. This architecture also enables NASA to leverage existing capabilities and lower development costs by using liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen for both the core and upper stages. Additionally, this architecture provides a modular launch vehicle that can be configured for specific mission needs using a variation of common elements. NASA may not need to lift 130 metric tons for each mission and the flexibility of this modular architecture allows the agency to use different core stage, upper stage, and first-stage booster combinations to achieve the most efficient launch vehicle for the desired mission.

"NASA has been making steady progress toward realizing the president's goal of deep space exploration, while doing so in a more affordable way," NASA Deputy Administrator Lori Garver said. "We have been driving down the costs on the Space Launch System and Orion contracts by adopting new ways of doing business and project hundreds of millions of dollars of savings each year.

" The Space Launch System will be NASA's first exploration-class vehicle since the Saturn V took American astronauts to the moon over 40 years ago. With its superior lift capability, the SLS will expand our reach in the solar system and allow us to explore cis-lunar space, near-Earth asteroids, Mars and its moons and beyond. We will learn more about how the solar system formed, where Earth's water and organics originated and how life might be sustained in places far from our Earth's atmosphere and expand the boundaries of human exploration. These discoveries will change the way we understand ourselves, our planet, and its place in the universe.
NASA Announces Design For New Deep Space Exploration System :
New Heavy-lift Rocket Will Take Humans Far Beyond Earth.-

WASHINGTON -- NASA has selected the design of a new Space Launch System that will take the agency's astronauts farther into space than ever before, create high-quality jobs here at home, and provide the cornerstone for America's future human space exploration efforts.

This new heavy-lift rocket-in combination with a crew capsule already under development, increased support for the commercialization of astronaut travel to low Earth orbit, an extension of activities on the International Space Station until at least 2020, and a fresh focus on new technologies-is key to implementing the plan laid out by President Obama and Congress in the bipartisan 2010 NASA Authorization Act, which the president signed last year. The booster will be America's most powerful since the Saturn V rocket that carried Apollo astronauts to the moon and will launch humans to places no one has gone before.

"This launch system will create good-paying American jobs, ensure continued U.S. leadership in space, and inspire millions around the world," NASA Administrator Charles Bolden said. "President Obama challenged us to be bold and dream big, and that's exactly what we are doing at NASA. While I was proud to fly on the space shuttle, tomorrow's explorers will now dream of one day walking on Mars.

" This launch vehicle decision is the culmination of a months-long, comprehensive review of potential designs to ensure the nation gets a rocket that is not only powerful but also evolvable so it can be adapted to different missions as opportunities arise and new technologies are developed.

"Having settled on a new and powerful heavy-lift launch architecture, NASA can now move ahead with building that rocket and the next-generation vehicles and technologies needed for an ambitious program of crewed missions in deep space," said John P. Holdren, assistant to the President for Science and Technology. "I'm excited about NASA's new path forward and about its promise for continuing American leadership in human space exploration.

" The SLS will carry human crews beyond low Earth orbit in a capsule named the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle. The rocket will use a liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fuel system, where RS-25D/E engines will provide the core propulsion and the J2X engine is planned for use in the upper stage. There will be a competition to develop the boosters based on performance requirements.

The decision to go with the same fuel system for the core and the upper stage was based on a NASA analysis demonstrating that use of common components can reduce costs and increase flexibility. The heavy-lift rocket's early flights will be capable of lifting 70-100 metric tons before evolving to a lift capacity of 130 metric tons.

The early developmental flights may take advantage of existing solid boosters and other existing hardware. These flights will enable NASA to reduce developmental risk, drive innovation within the agency and private industry, and accomplish early exploration objectives.

"NASA has been making steady progress toward realizing the president's goal of deep space exploration, while doing so in a more affordable way," NASA Deputy Administrator Lori Garver said. "We have been driving down the costs on the Space Launch System and Orion contracts by adopting new ways of doing business and project hundreds of millions of dollars of savings each year.

" NASA elected to initiate a competition for the booster stage based on performance parameters rather than on the type of propellant because of the need for flexibility. The specific acquisition strategy for procuring the core stage, booster stage, and upper stage is being developed and will be announced at a later time. To learn more about the development of the SLS, visit:
http://go.nasa.gov/newlaunchsystem
http://www.nasa.gov/exploration
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
ayabaca@gmail.com

ayabaca@hotmail.com

ayabaca@yahoo.com

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