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NASA - NASA Spacecraft Reactivated to Hunt for Asteroids

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This artist's concept shows the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE spacecraft, in its orbit around Earth. In September of 2013, engineers will attempt to bring the mission out of hibernation to hunt for more asteroids and comets in a project called NEOWISE.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

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This image shows the potentially hazardous near-Earth object 1998 KN3 as it zips past a cloud of dense gas and dust near the Orion nebula.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

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Probe Will Assist Agency in Search for Candidates to Explore
PASADENA, Calif. -- A NASA spacecraft that discovered and characterized tens of thousands of asteroids throughout the solar system before being placed in hibernation will return to service for three more years starting in September, assisting the agency in its effort to identify the population of potentially hazardous near-Earth objects, as well as those suitable for asteroid exploration missions.
The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) will be revived next month with the goal of discovering and characterizing near-Earth objects (NEOs), space rocks that can be found orbiting within 28 million miles (45 million kilometers) from Earth's path around the sun. NASA anticipates WISE will use its 16-inch (40-centimeter) telescope and infrared cameras to discover about 150 previously unknown NEOs and characterize the size, albedo and thermal properties of about 2,000 others -- including some which could be candidates for the agency's recently announced asteroid initiative.
"The WISE mission achieved its mission's goals and as NEOWISE extended the science even further in its survey of asteroids. NASA is now extending that record of success, which will enhance our ability to find potentially hazardous asteroids, and support the new asteroid initiative," said John Grunsfeld, NASA's associate administrator for science in Washington. "Reactivating WISE is an excellent example of how we are leveraging existing capabilities across the agency to achieve our goal."
NASA's asteroid initiative will be the first mission to identify, capture and relocate an asteroid. It represents an unprecedented technological feat that will lead to new scientific discoveries and technological capabilities that will help protect our home planet. The asteroid initiative brings together the best of NASA's science, technology and human exploration efforts to achieve President Obama's goal of sending humans to an asteroid by 2025.
Launched in December 2009 to look for the glow of celestial heat sources from asteroids, stars and galaxies, WISE made about 7,500 images every day during its primary mission, from January 2010 to February 2011. As part of a project called NEOWISE, the spacecraft made the most accurate survey to date of NEOs. NASA turned most of WISE's electronics off when it completed its primary mission.
"The data collected by NEOWISE two years ago have proven to be a gold mine for the discovery and characterization of the NEO population," said Lindley Johnson, NASA's NEOWISE program executive in Washington. "It is important that we accumulate as much of this type of data as possible while the WISE spacecraft remains a viable asset."
Because asteroids reflect but do not emit visible light, infrared sensors are a powerful tool for discovering, cataloging and understanding the asteroid population. Depending on an object's reflectivity, or albedo, a small, light-colored space rock can look the same as a big, dark one. As a result, data collected with optical telescopes using visible light can be deceiving.
During 2010, NEOWISE observed about 158,000 rocky bodies out of approximately 600,000 known objects. Discoveries included 21 comets, more than 34,000 asteroids in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter, and 135 near-Earth objects.
The WISE prime mission was to scan the entire celestial sky in infrared light. It captured more than 2.7 million images in multiple infrared wavelengths and cataloged more than 560 million objects in space, ranging from galaxies faraway to asteroids and comets much closer to Earth.
"The team is ready and after a quick checkout, we're going to hit the ground running," said Amy Mainzer, NEOWISE principal investigator at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "NEOWISE not only gives us a better understanding of the asteroids and comets we study directly, but it will help us refine our concepts and mission operation plans for future, space-based near-Earth object cataloging missions."
JPL manages WISE for NASA's Science Mission Directorate at the agency's headquarters in Washington. The mission is part of NASA's Explorers Program, which NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., manages. The Space Dynamics Laboratory in Logan, Utah, built the science instrument. Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. of Boulder, Colo., built the spacecraft. Science operations and data processing take place at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. Caltech manages JPL for NASA.
More information about NEOWISE is available online at:
http://www.nasa.gov/wise
and
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/wise/ .
For more information on the asteroid initiative, visit:
http://www.nasa.gov/asteroidinitiative .

DC Agle 818-393-9011
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
agle@jpl.nasa.gov
Dwayne Brown 202-358-1726
NASA Headquarters, Washington
Dwayne.c.brown@nasa.gov

NASA

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

Inscríbete en el Foro del blog y participa : A Vuelo De Un Quinde - El Foro!

NASA - NASA Explores New Uses for Historic Launch Structures

NASA's Spitzer Telescope Celebrates 10 Years in Space

Aug. 23, 2013

A montage of images taken by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope over the years.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

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Massive stars can wreak havoc on their surroundings, as can be seen in this new view of the Carina nebula from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

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The spectacular swirling arms and central bar of the Sculptor galaxy are revealed in this new view from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

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This infrared image from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope shows the Helix nebula, a cosmic starlet often photographed by amateur astronomers for its vivid colors and eerie resemblance to a giant eye.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ.of Ariz.

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PASADENA, Calif. -- Ten years after a Delta II rocket launched NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, lighting up the night sky over Cape Canaveral, Fla., the fourth of the agency's four Great Observatories continues to illuminate the dark side of the cosmos with its infrared eyes.
The telescope studied comets and asteroids, counted stars, scrutinized planets and galaxies, and discovered soccer-ball-shaped carbon spheres in space called buckyballs. Moving into its second decade of scientific scouting from an Earth-trailing orbit, Spitzer continues to explore the cosmos near and far. One additional task is helping NASA observe potential candidates for a developing mission to capture, redirect and explore a near-Earth asteroid.
"President Obama's goal of visiting an asteroid by 2025 combines NASA's diverse talents in a unified endeavor," said John Grunsfeld, NASA's associate administrator for science in Washington. "Using Spitzer to help us characterize asteroids and potential targets for an asteroid mission advances both science and exploration."
Spitzer's infrared vision lets it see the far, cold and dusty side of the universe. Close to home, the telescope has studied the comet dubbed Tempel 1, which was hit by NASA's Deep Impact mission in 2005. Spitzer showed the composition of Tempel 1 resembled that of solar systems beyond our own. Spitzer also surprised the world by discovering the largest of Saturn's many rings. The enormous ring, a wispy band of ice and dust particles, is very faint in visible light, but Spitzer's infrared detectors were able to pick up the glow from its heat.
Perhaps Spitzer's most astonishing finds came from beyond our solar system. The telescope was the first to detect light coming from a planet outside our solar system, a feat not in the mission's original design. With Spitzer's ongoing studies of these exotic worlds, astronomers have been able to probe their composition, dynamics and more, revolutionizing the study of exoplanet atmospheres.
Other discoveries and accomplishments of the mission include getting a complete census of forming stars in nearby clouds; making a new and improved map of the Milky Way's spiral-arm structure; and, with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, discovering that the most distant galaxies known are more massive and mature than expected.
"I always knew Spitzer would work, but I had no idea that it would be as productive, exciting and long-lived as it has been," said Spitzer project scientist Michael Werner of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., who helped conceive the mission. "The spectacular images that it continues to return, and its cutting-edge science, go far beyond anything we could have imagined when we started on this journey more than 30 years ago."
In October, Spitzer will attempt infrared observations of a small near-Earth asteroid named 2009 DB to better determine its size, a study that will assist NASA in understanding potential candidates for the agency's asteroid capture and redirection mission. This asteroid is one of many candidates the agency is evaluating.
Spitzer, originally called the Space Infrared Telescope Facility, was renamed after its launch in honor of the late astronomer Lyman Spitzer. Considered the father of space telescopes, Lyman Spitzer began campaigning to put telescopes in space, away from the blurring effects of Earth's atmosphere, as early as the 1940s. His efforts also led to the development and deployment of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, carried to orbit by the space shuttle in 1990.
In anticipation of the Hubble launch, NASA set up the Great Observatories program to fly a total of four space telescopes designed to cover a range of wavelengths: Hubble, Spitzer, the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the now-defunct Compton Gamma Ray Observatory.
"The majority of our Great Observatory fleet is still up in space, each with its unique perspective on the cosmos," said Paul Hertz, Astrophysics Division director at NASA headquarters in Washington. "The wisdom of having space telescopes that cover all wavelengths of light has been borne out by the spectacular discoveries made by astronomers around the world using Spitzer and the other Great Observatories."
Spitzer ran out of the coolant needed to chill its longer-wavelength instruments in 2009, and entered the so-called warm mission phase. Now, after its tenth year of peeling back the hidden layers of the cosmos, its journey continues.
"I get very excited about the serendipitous discoveries in areas we never anticipated," said Dave Gallagher, Spitzer's project manager at JPL from 1999 to 2004, reminding him of a favorite quote from Marcel Proust: "The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes, but in having new eyes."
JPL manages the Spitzer Space Telescope mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Science operations are conducted at the Spitzer Science Center at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. Data are archived at the Infrared Science Archive housed at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center at Caltech. Caltech manages JPL for NASA. For more information about Spitzer, visit http://spitzer.caltech.edu and http://www.nasa.gov/spitzer .

Whitney Clavin 818-354-4673
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
whitney.clavin@jpl.nasa.gov
J.D. Harrington 202-358-5241
Headquarters, Washington
j.d.harrington@nasa.gov

NASA Explores New Uses for Historic Launch Structures

NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida is seeking concepts for the potential use or divestment of three historic launch platforms that are not needed for the agency's current or planned future missions.
A Request for Information (RFI) released Friday will gauge the interest of commercial or government entities for using the three nearly identical mobile launcher platforms in support of either commercial launch activity; deconstruction; or an alternative option that benefits the public, environment or other entities not associated with the space.
The three mobile launch platforms were used to hold Saturn rockets and space shuttles as they made their way from the Vehicle Assembly Building to the launch pads in preparation to travel into space. The platforms are two-story, hollow steel structures on which Saturn rockets and space shuttles launched. They are 25 feet tall, weigh around 8.2 million pounds, and are 160 feet long and 135 feet wide. Each platform features numerous pathways, compartments and plumbing and electrical cabling systems.
The RFI is the latest in the work to transform Kennedy into a multi-user spaceport for both government and commercial clients and support NASA's future spaceflight programs and initiatives. These include plans to launch astronauts from Kennedy to study an asteroid and work with commercial companies to send crews to low-Earth orbit and the International Space Station from Florida's Space Coast in the next four years.
To see the Request for Information, visit:

http://go.nasa.gov/14GGxTZ

For more information about NASA visit:

http://www.nasa.gov

NASA

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

Inscríbete en el Foro del blog y participa : A Vuelo De Un Quinde - El Foro!

nsf.gov - National Science Foundation - Global sea level rise temporarily dampened by 2010-11 Australia floods

Finding shows complex nature of Earth's climate interactions

aerial view the city of Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia,

The city of Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia, was completely inundated by the floods.
Credit and Larger Version

August 19, 2013

Three atmospheric patterns came together above the Indian and Pacific Oceans in 2010 and 2011. When they did, they drove so much precipitation over Australia that the world's ocean levels dropped measurably.

Unlike other continents, the soils and topography of Australia prevent almost all its precipitation from flowing into the ocean.

The 2010-11 event temporarily halted a long-term trend of rising sea levels caused by higher temperatures and melting ice sheets, according to a team of researchers at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo., and other institutions.

Now that the atmosphere's circulation has returned to its previous patterns, the seas are again rising.

These results will appear next month in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, published by the American Geophysical Union.

Co-authors of the paper are affiliated with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the University of Colorado at Boulder.

The research was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), which sponsors NCAR, and by NASA.

"The scientists conclude that the Outback region in Australia played a crucial role in trapping a large amount of rainfall when widespread floods occurred over the continent," says Anjuli Bamzai, program director in NSF's Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences, which funded the research.

"It's a beautiful illustration of how complicated our climate system is," says NCAR scientist John Fasullo, lead scientist on the project.

"The smallest continent in the world can affect sea level worldwide. Its influence is so strong that it can temporarily overcome the background trend of rising sea levels we see with climate change."

As the climate warms, the world's oceans have been rising in recent decades by just over three millimeters annually.

This is partly because heat causes water to expand, and partly because runoff from retreating glaciers and ice sheets is making its way into the oceans.

But for an 18-month period beginning in 2010, the oceans mysteriously dropped by about seven millimeters, more than offsetting the annual rise.

Fasullo and co-authors published research results last year demonstrating that the reason was related to the increased rainfall over tropical continents.

They also showed that the drop coincided with the atmospheric oscillation known as La Niña, which cooled tropical surface waters in the eastern Pacific and suppressed rainfall there--while enhancing it over portions of the tropical Pacific, Africa, South America and Australia.

However, an analysis of the historical record showed that past La Niña events only rarely accompanied such a pronounced drop in sea level.

Using a combination of satellite instruments and other tools, the new study finds that the picture in 2010-11 was uniquely complex.

In addition to La Nina, a rare combination of two other semi-cyclic climate modes came together. They drove such large amounts of rain over Australia that the continent received almost one foot (300 millimeters) of rain more than average.

The initial effects of La Niña were to cool surface waters in the eastern Pacific Ocean and push moisture to the west.

A climate pattern known as the Southern Annular Mode then coaxed the moisture into Australia's interior, causing widespread flooding across the continent.

Later in the event, high levels of moisture from the Indian Ocean driven by what's known as the Indian Ocean Dipole collided with La Niña-borne moisture in the Pacific, pushing even more moisture into the continent's interior.

These influences spurred one of the wettest periods in Australia's recorded history.

Australia's vast interior, called the Outback, is ringed by coastal mountains and is often quite dry.

Because of the low-lying nature of the continent's eastern interior, and the lack of river runoff in its western dry environment, most of the heavy rainfall of 2010-11 remained inland rather than flowing to the oceans.

While some of it evaporated in the desert sun, much of it sank into the dry, granular soil of the Western Plateau or filled the Lake Eyre basin in the east.

"No other continent has this combination of atmospheric set-up and topography," Fasullo says. "Only in Australia could the atmosphere carry such heavy tropical rains to such a large area, only to have those rains fail to make their way to the ocean."

For example, the Great Basin in the southwestern United States could trap water much like Australia--but atmospheric patterns don't transport such a large amount of moisture from the ocean to that arid region.

To conduct the research, the scientists turned to three observing instrument systems:

· NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellites, which make detailed measurements of Earth's gravity field. The satellites enable scientists to monitor changes in the mass of continents.

· The Argo global array of 3,000 free-drifting floats that measure the temperature and salinity of the upper 6,000 feet of the world's oceans.

· Satellite-based altimeters that are continuously calibrated against a network of tide gauges. Scientists subtract seasonal and other variations to closely estimate global sea level changes.

Using these instruments, the researchers found that the land mass in Australia and, to a lesser extent, South America began to increase in 2010 as the continents experienced heavy and persistent rain.

At the same time, sea levels began to drop.

Since 2011, when the atmospheric patterns shifted out of their unusual combination, sea levels have been rising at a faster pace of about 10 millimeters per year.

Scientists are uncertain how often the three atmospheric events come together to cause such heavy rains over Australia.

Fasullo believes there may have been a similar event in 1973-74, which was another time of record flooding.

But modern observing instruments did not exist then, making it impossible to determine what took place in the atmosphere and whether it affected sea level rise.

"Luckily we've got great observations now," Fasullo says. "We need to maintain these observing platforms to understand our climate system."

-NSF-

Media Contacts Cheryl Dybas, NSF (703) 292-7734

cdybas@nsf.gov
David Hosansky, NCAR (303) 497-8611

hosansky@ucar.edu
Mary Catherine Adams, AGU (202) 777-7530

mcadams@agu.org

Related WebsitesNSF News: NSF, USDA, DOE Award Grants to Improve Predictions of Climate Change on Regional, Decadal Scales:

http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=128415
NSF Publication: Discoveries in Sustainability:

http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2012/disco12001/disco12001.pdf
NSF News: Earth System Models at Decadal and Regional Scales Critical to Understanding Climate Change Effects:

http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=122082

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aerial view Australia's Fitzroy River in January 2011;

Australia's Fitzroy River in January 2011; its flooding isolated the city of Rockhampton.
Credit and Larger Version

A woman in Australia awaits rescue on a car roof.
Credit and Larger Version
map showing Rainfall in Australia in 2010 reached levels far above normal.

map showing Rainfall in Australia in 2010 reached levels far above normal.

Rainfall in Australia in 2010 reached levels far above normal.
Credit and Larger Version

The entrance to the high ferris wheel in Brisbane under water.

The entrance to the high ferris wheel in Brisbane is submerged under water.
Credit and Larger Version

The flooded Burnett River at Gayndah, Australia, 220 miles northwest of Brisbane.
Credit and Larger Version

The National Science Foundation (NSF)

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

Inscríbete en el Foro del blog y participa : A Vuelo De Un Quinde - El Foro!

sábado, 24 de agosto de 2013

La Historia del Amor Cruel: Capítulo CXVI.- Don Antonio y su hija Ofelia conversan largamente sobre como ella actúe cuando su corazón se haya enamorado por primera vez

Hola amgos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., continuando con La Historia del Amor Cruel entre Iarma y Olzagon y como informamos en el capítulo anterior, Ofelia la flamante compañera de trabajo de Olzagon tuvo dulces sueños junto y compartiendo con el nuevo vendedor Olzagon; aún así, ella era consciente que un porbable romance entre ellos no prosperaría por la cerrada oposición de su padre Don Antonio, quien a la vez era el Supervisor de Ventas y por su puesto el jefe inmediato de Olzagon; ella meditaba y se resistía a creer que se había enamorado del joven vendedor y de ser así habría muchos riesgos, tales como que Olzagon perdería el trabajo.

Aquí en la imagen observamos una típica representación de la terrible situación que muchos hogares atraviesan en el transcurso de existencia por que siempre hay la existencia de un tercer elemento (amante tanto para él como para ella) que como una tentación tenebrosa carcomen la consistencia del matrimonio, y más si los esposos viven solamente la apariencia y no la triste realidad de que no son felices. Fuente: Archivos del blog. Obra Literaria reconocida con Derecho de Autor, según Partida Registral No. 00855-2012, Asiento: 01; con fecha: 10 de Agosto de 2012, por : INDECOPI.

Olzagon, disfrutó su noche en compañía de su amante Laurita, no tuvo tiempo para soñar, pero si tenía presente grabada la imagen de Ofelia, al mismo tiempo recordaba a Melizza, quien le ayudó a conseguir un trabajo y le brindó su amistad que él, había llegado a sentir como algo más y por su puesto no valía la pena seguir pensando en la zona Industrial, ya habían nuevos rumbos para otros lugares.

Ofelia, luego de despertarse fue al baño a asearse para luego maquillarse y tenía una tremenda curiosidad ver de nuevo al joven vendedor que ella misma lo atendió por primera vez y le ayudó en el llenado de los datos de la documentación necesaria para su contratación como empleado.

Ofelia, asimismo, se preguntaba:

¿Por qué ha tenido que soñar con Olzagon?

A la vez se contestaba, así:

"Creo que estoy enamorada de ese joven, pero como hago eso, ni siquiera lo conozco bien; pero ese corazón no entiende razones, sólo va directo en busca del otro corazón"

Como era hora del desayuno, en seguida la señora de casa, llamó a la familia a tomar sus alimentos mañaneros, se acerca Ofelia, su padre y otros familiares y como todo el mundo está muy apurado, rápidamente engullen los alimentos sin conversación; desde luego, Don Antonio, quien algo presentía, mirando a su adorada hija, le dijo:

--- Ofelia, hija mía recuerda nunca empeñes tu corazón con alguien desconocido; si algún día piensas en firme tener un relación amorosa, debe ser cuando estés completamente segura que tu futura pareja comparta contigo los sentimientos y es deseable que nunca lo hagas con alguien de tu trabajo.

Ofelia miró a su padre con mucho afecto, por que sabía que le advertía con mucho amor paternal y le contestó:

--- Si querido Padre, tienes razón, soy aún muy joven, pero no debes olvidar que tengo mi "corazoncito"; y mi guía por tal o cual muchacho; claro está, que establecer un relación amorosa, es algo serio y de mucha responsabilidad, pero no estoy de acuerdo, que nieguen la posibilidad de conocer algún compañero de trabajo, justamente lo que pides de que esté segura; pues desde cerca se miran mejor las cosas y observar a alguien todos los días te permitirá conocerlo mejor..¿No lo crees así querido padre?

Don Antonio, miró con ternura a su hija y no le contestó, guardó la respuesta; y la dejó para cuando estén en el automóvil, en dirección al trabajo.

En otro lugar, estamos en la casa de Olzagon, el joven se aseó muy temprano para estar listo y llegar a la primera hora a su nuevo trabajo; no sabía si ir con terno o ropa informal, porque se le había dicho que iba a entrenamiento; después de pensar un poco, optó por ropa informal, se cambió, tomó su desayuno, luego se lavó los dientes y de despidió de su amante Laurita; ella, como siempre muy amorosa, lo despidió, diciéndole:

--- Olzagon, hoy tienes que actuar con mucha prudencia y escuchar con atención todas las indicaciones, reglas y procedimientos que te impartan tus superiores, hay que tener presente que la "primera impresión" perdura toda la vida, para que no defradues la confianza depositada en tu persona.

Olzagon, se aferró abrazándolo fuertemente a Laurita que le servía en dos cosas a la vez: Su amante y su consejera, reemplazando a la madre que la perdió cuando él, tenía 14 años de edad y le contestó:

--- Gracias Laurita, tomaré muy encuenta tus consejos y los aplicaré en mi primer día de trabajo en esa Fábrica.

De nuevo se abrazaron y se despidió por que estaba justo con el tiempo ajustado, ya que ahora tenía que tomar dos buses para llegar a su nuevo trabajo, al estar en el paradero ya estaba el bus, se subió y miró en todo lugar para ver a Melizza, pero no estaba, se sentó, pagó su boleto y se puso a pensar y se hizo esta pregunta:

"Mi corazón aún piensa en Melizza, pero he conocido a Ofelia y realmente estoy enamorándome de ella..¿ Será posible ese amor con la hija del Supervisor de Ventas?

Ciertamente esta pregunta no tiene respuesta a la vista, pues se está pisando en "tierra movidiza" que al pisarla conduciría al precipicio; es entonces que llega la razón a su cerebro y ordena sus pensamientos, así:

--- "'¿Por qué tengo que estar en amores? si recién voy a empezar mi nuevo trabajo, y si esa dicha aflorara, será para después, cuando haya sentado raíces en mi empleo.

Con esas ideas muy centradas, se bajó del bus y esperó al siguiente que iba al Distrito La Esmeralda; ya que a mitad de su recorrido, en una zona semi industrial, estaba la Fábrica de Productos Plásticos "El Dorado"; al cabo de unos minutos llegó el nuevo bus, el joven subió y se sentó a seguir pensando y ordemando sus pensamientos para centrarse en lo que haría en su primer día de trabajo.

Al mismo tiempo Don Antonio y su hija Ofelia, estaban llegando a la Fábrica en su automóvil y como seguían conversando, éste fue el final, y Ofelia, dijo:

--- Si mi puerido padre, te amo como lo mejor que haya en La Tierra, desde que murió mi madre, tu haz hecho muchas cosas para que me sienta feliz y todo ha salido bien, la señora que nos atiende es como la "segunda madre", a la vez debes entender que soy una señorita de 23 años de edad y tengo todo el derecho de ser cortejada y mi corazón empieza a producir sentimientos amorosos.

Don Antonio, también pensaba sobre los sentimientos de su hija y él, reflexionaba antes de contestar que no era precisamente el nuevo empleado(Olzagon) el ser que le despertaba sentimientos a su hija. y se dijo para si mismo:

"Si eso sucediera, despacho a su casa a ese joven, para que nunca más perturbe la mente de mi hija", y le contestó:

--- Por su puesto hija mía, ya tienes edad para elegir a una pareja, pero me preocupa que escojas lo mejor y evitar así terribles errores que terminan en decepciones amorosas.

Ofelia, observando amorosamente a su padre, le contestó:

--- No te preocupes mucho padre, yo aún no conozco lo que es el amor, pero mi corazón me pide a gritos que ya es tiempo para dar el primer paso y tomaré en cuenta todos tus consejos que serán la guía de mi futuro; sin embargo, la decisión final la tomaré yo, cuando se haya presentado la oportunidad de ser cortejada.

Con esa frutífera conversación entre padre e hija, llegaron a la Fábrica, justo cuando el bus de transporte público también llegaba a su paradero a unos metros más adelante del local de la Fábrica, con Olzagon como uno de sus pasajeros que se bajaba en ese lugar....... continuaremos......

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

ayabaca@gmail.com
ayabaca@hotmail.com

ayabaca@yahoo.com
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La Casa de la Loma tiene un Fantasma: Capítulo CCXXV.- Florentino "mano pesada" y los aprendices fracasaron en su inspección de la ruta hacia la Hacienda "Loma Feraz", ya que delataron su presencia.

Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., continuando con la historia de La Casa de la Loma tiene un Fantasma y como informamos en el capítulo anterior, el bandolero Florentino "mano pesada" y dos aprendices dieron muerte a una banda de 5 miembros llamada "Banda del burro hechor" de Cariamanga, que justamente venían tras ellos para aniquilarlos; después de la bronca; Florentino y sus compañeros regresaban a casa , antes pararon por la pulpería para comprar provisiones y se acordó que sea Miguel "cara chueca" quien entre y haga la diligencia; estando adentro el dueño del negocio le preguntó de "como habían terminado con el grupo del "burro hechor", y él, contestó que los aniquilaron y alguien escuchó que era un amigo o familiar de quien los contrató a los finados.

Aquí en la imagen observamos una típica casa en la Comunidad Campesina de Socchabamba, Ayabaca, Piura, Perú; es una construcción de adobe con techo de tejas rojas y a dos aguas, sobre el techo distinguimos un fantasma que viene a ser el "El Rey de las Tinieblas" : Satanás, seguido de vampiros y una siniestra sombra negra que rodea al misterioso personaje satánico, para comprender la narrativa de la obra literaria: "LA CASA DE LA LOMA TIENE UN FANTASMA" , esta imagen será nuestro símbolo de identificación y el logotipo en creación, impresión y distribución literaria. Con reconocimiento de derechos de autor, con Partida Registral Nº 00393-2010, Asiento 01, con fecha 27 de marzo de 2010 por INDECOPI. Fuente de imagen: Archivos del blog .

Entre los presentes en la pulpería estaba Don Andrés, quien era un primo de Don Erasmo, el que fue justamente víctima de un asalto hecho por Florentino "mano pesada" y conocía que se había contratado al "burro hechor" para eliminar a las "Gallinas Peruanas" (expresión despectiva contra los peruanos), y como era un bronquero, él, no podía tolerar que alguien que no deseaba ver con vida, esté presente pavoneándose que mataron a los que fueron por ellos.(el cazador fue cazado).

Don Andrés, metió la mano a su bolsillo y encontró a su "navaja ajustadora" como él, le llamaba a esa arma; la sacó, abrió la hoja que brillaba por lo afilada que estaba y teniéndola lista, gritó:

--- Oye gallina barata hace rato que estás banagloriándote que le diste vuelta (muerte) al "burro hechor"; pues aquí tienes a alguien que responderá por esas muertes, saca tu arma y pelearemos hasta que uno de los dos muera.

Miguel "cara chueca" había entrenado en la lucha de cuerpo a cuerpo y como desarmar al contrincante y como victorioso que se sentía de la bronca anterior, aceptó el reto, diciendo:

--- No soy "gallina", pero si soy un gallo que pisa (cubre) a todas las gallinas de su corral, si usted quiere bronca, pues la tendrá, pero por lo menos quisiera saber: ¿Porqué tengo que pelear contra usted".

Don Andrés tan iracundo y con todo su cuerpo temblando por la ira que sentía, le contestó:

--- Miserable gallina, tienes el descaro de preguntar ¿Por qué?, pues, por que deseo vengar las ofensas a mi primo Erasmo, quien envió al grupo del "burro hechor" y como ellos murieron; yo soy el hombre a quien matarás si puedes...

Y de las palabras, pasó a los hechos y se lanzó contra el cuerpo de Miguel con navaja abierta para el ataque, pero Miguel esquivó el cuerpo y nuevamente estuvieron frente a frente; pero Miguel rápidamente captó que su oponente no tenía la destreza necesaria como para herirlo de muerte; entonces, tampoco lo iba a matar y esta vez, él, atacó con la cacha de su chaveta y como lo había previsto fue directo el golpe a la mandíbula, fue tan fuerte el puñetazo que lo levanto ligeramente y cayó pesadamente tumbado al piso y como la cabeza recibió el peor golpe al caer, perdió el conocimiento y se agolparon los demás presentes y con sus sombreros hicieron aire para auxiliar ventilando el cuerpo caído.

Miguel, se hizo a un lado muy asustado y pensando que había matado a su retador.

El dueño de la pulpería acostumbrado a estas broncas; salió con un pocillo (vasija) lleno de agua y lo echó a la cara del caído; como algo misterioso de inmediato reaccionó y trató de levantarse, pero no pudo, los golpes habían hecho mella en su cuerpo.

Miguel, más calmado, pidió al dueño de la pulpería atender los pedidos que se le encomendó, luego de la atención, se disponía a salir y Don Andrés totalmente restablecido y recuperado de los golpes, le dijo:

--- No creas que me haz vencido gallina de mierda, ya te encontraré más adelante y serás tu, el que reciba su castigo y esa vez si te traspasaré tus pulmones.

Miguel solo miró a su ocasional rival y sin decir palabra alguna, salió, cargó su caballo, lo montó y partió dejándolos ambientes de la pulpería en completo silencio, hubo un murmullo, por que todos entendían que el peruano era inocente, más bien fue víctima de un espontáneo resentido y al vez envidioso, que no podía exhibir ninguna acción y terminó muy mal parado.

Miguel cara chueca", picó con la espuelas a su caballo y corría como :"Alma que la persigue el diablo" y rápidamente llegó al escondite donde lo esperaban Florentino y Abelardo; les narró todo lo que le sucedió y como Florentino era un "viejo zorro", y comentó:

--- Otra vez Miguel haz cometido un grave error al descubrir una incidencia que solo nosotros los sabíamos; seguramente te bañaste en tus elogios, sobre la banda del "burro hechor" y malograste una vez más la presencia de nosotros por esta comarca; lamento, decirte, pero tu no guardas secretos y no sirves para un bandolero que siempre trabaja oculto y protegido por las sombras.

Pues. Florentino tuvo razón, por que Don Andrés, salió muy avergonzado de la pulpería y de inmediato se encaminó hacia Cariamanga, los otros clientes libres de su presencia, comentaron en voz alta que el peruano peleaba muy bien y uno de ellos era de la Hacienda "Loma Feraz" de apellido Huamán y que estaba emparentado con el caporal del Sector Feraz, donde precisamente fue expulsado Florentino "mano pesada".

La noticia que por allí pululaban tres bandoleros peruanos, se difundió como un ventarrón que abarca a todos los campos y naturalmente el rumor llegó hasta la misma Hacienda "Loma Feraz" donde justamente estuvieron los bandoleros peruanos y como "Del Cielo a La Tierra" no hay nada oculto, río abajo descubrieron los cadáveres que el agua los varó en las orillas del cauce del río; cundió la alarma por que eran 5 difuntos, se propaló la angustia y desesperación y apareció la reacción de los moradores de armarse y disparar contra todo individuo de apariencia de ser un peruano.

Florentino desconocía que los ecuatorianos estaban contra ellos, pero lo presentía y al cruzar el Río Calvas, volteó la cabeza y observó las faldas del Cerro Usaime y les dijo a sus compañeros:

--- Hemos hecho un viaje plagado de errores e imprudencias, si bien es cierto que salimos victoriosos, en cambio destruimos todo el andamiaje de silencio y sorpresa; factores indispensables para realizar una incursión, tendremos que esperar mucho tiempo para realizar un asalto, seguramente en estos momentos, que hayan encontrado los cadáveres de 5 personas y eso no es poca cosa, más bien debemos prepararnos nosotros por que ellos vendrán tras nuestros pasos.

Los aprendices, se miraron entre ellos y Abelardo, contestó:

--- No haga tanta bulla Don Florentino, todo lo que hicimos fue en legítima defensa y ganamos nuestro derecho a vivir; igual hubiese sido, si ellos nos mataban, comentarían:

--- Aquí están los cadáveres de tres gallinas peruanas que pretendieron asaltar nuestras haciendas.....continuaremos.......

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui

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jueves, 22 de agosto de 2013

NASA - NASA's Fermi Celebrates Five Years in Space, Enters Extended Mission

During its five-year primary mission, NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has given astronomers an increasingly detailed portrait of the universe's most extraordinary phenomena, from giant black holes in the hearts of distant galaxies to thunderstorms on Earth.

But its job is not done yet. On Aug. 11, Fermi entered an extended phase of its mission -- a deeper study of the high-energy cosmos. This is a significant step toward the science team's planned goal of a decade of observations, ending in 2018.

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From blazars to thunderstorms, this video showcases highlights from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope's first five years in space.

Image Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center

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"As Fermi opens its second act, both the spacecraft and its instruments remain in top-notch condition and the mission is delivering outstanding science," said Paul Hertz, director of NASA's astrophysics division in Washington.

Fermi has revolutionized our view of the universe in gamma rays, the most energetic form of light. The observatory's findings include new insights into many high-energy processes, from rapidly rotating neutron stars, also known as pulsars, within our own galaxy, to jets powered by supermassive black holes in far-away young galaxies.

The Large Area Telescope (LAT), the mission's main instrument, scans the entire sky every three hours. The state-of-the-art detector has sharper vision, a wider field of view, and covers a broader energy range than any similar instrument previously flown.

"As the LAT builds up an increasingly detailed picture of the gamma-ray sky, it simultaneously reveals how dynamic the universe is at these energies," said Peter Michelson, the instrument's principal investigator and a professor of physics at Stanford University in California.

Fermi's secondary instrument, the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), sees all of the sky at any instant, except the portion blocked by Earth. This all-sky coverage lets Fermi detect more gamma-ray bursts, and over a broader energy range, than any other mission. These explosions, the most powerful in the universe, are thought to accompany the birth of new stellar-mass black holes.

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Fermi's portrait of the sky at energies beyond 1 GeV has steadily deepened with more data. This animation compares views of a 20-degree-wide region in the constellation Virgo after the LAT's first and fifth year of operations. Many additional strong sources (yellow, red) appear in the latest image.

Image Credit: NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration

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"More than 1,200 gamma-ray bursts, plus 500 flares from our sun and a few hundred flares from highly magnetized neutron stars in our galaxy have been seen by the GBM," said principal investigator Bill Paciesas, a senior scientist at the Universities Space Research Association's Science and Technology Institute in Huntsville, Ala.

The instrument also has detected nearly 800 gamma-ray flashes from thunderstorms. These fleeting outbursts last only a few thousandths of a second, but their emission ranks among the highest-energy light naturally occurring on Earth.

One of Fermi's most striking results so far was the discovery of giant bubbles extending more than 25,000 light-years above and below the plane of our galaxy. Scientists think these structures may have formed as a result of past outbursts from the black hole -- with a mass of 4 million suns -- residing in the heart of our galaxy.

To build on the mission's success, the team is considering a new observing strategy that would task the LAT to make deeper exposures of the central region of the Milky Way, a realm packed with pulsars and other high-energy sources. This area also is expected to be one of the best places to search for gamma-ray signals from dark matter, an elusive substance that neither emits nor absorbs visible light. According to some theories, dark matter consists of exotic particles that produce a flash of gamma rays when they interact.

entire sky at energies greater than 1 GeV based on five years of Fermi data

This view shows the entire sky at energies greater than 1 GeV based on five years of data from the LAT instrument on NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Brighter colors indicate brighter gamma-ray sources.

Image Credit: NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration

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"Over the next few years, major new astronomical facilities exploring other wavelengths will complement Fermi and give us our best look yet into the most powerful events in the universe," said Julie McEnery, the mission's project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md.

NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is an astrophysics and particle physics partnership. Goddard manages the mission. The telescope was developed in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, with contributions from academic institutions and partners in the United States, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Sweden.

Related Links

› Download additional graphics from NASA Goddard's Scientific Visualization Studio
› Media gallery: Fermi's First Five Years
› Fermi multiwavelength observing support programs
› "NASA Goddard Astrophysicist Wins Prize for Pulsar Work" (02.04.13)
› "Fermi Improves its Vision for Thunderstorm Gamma-Ray Flashes" (12.06.12)
› "NASA's Fermi Spots 'Superflares' in the Crab Nebula" (05.11.11)
› "NASA's Fermi Catches Thunderstorms Hurling Antimatter into Space" (01.10.11)
› "Fermi Sees Brightest-Ever Blazar Flare" (12.08.09)

Francis Reddy
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.

NASA

Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui