Hola amigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., la Agencia Espacial NASA, nos informa que sus telescopios de Rayos X, como el NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, han detectado en el centro de la Galaxia Vía Láctea un gigantesco agujero negro que parece una factoría de neutrinos; si se confirma la existencia de esas partículas, sería un hallazgo de suma importancia para los científicos de encontrarlos en el Agujero Negro.
NASA, nos dice..."Los neutrinos son partículas diminutas que llevan sin cargo e interactúan muy débilmente con los electrones y protones. A diferencia de la luz o partículas cargadas, los neutrinos pueden emerger de las profundidades de sus fuentes cósmicas y viajar a través del universo sin ser absorbido por intervenir materia o, en el caso de las partículas cargadas, desviados por los campos magnéticos........."
The giant black hole at the center
of the Milky Way may be producing mysterious particles called neutrinos. If
confirmed, this would be the first time that scientists have traced neutrinos
back to a black hole.
The evidence for this came from three NASA satellites that observe in X-ray
light: the Chandra X-ray Observatory, the Swift gamma-ray mission, and the
Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR).
Neutrinos are tiny particles that carry no charge and interact very weakly
with electrons and protons. Unlike light or charged particles, neutrinos can
emerge from deep within their cosmic sources and travel across the universe
without being absorbed by intervening matter or, in the case of charged
particles, deflected by magnetic fields.
The Earth is constantly bombarded with neutrinos from the sun. However,
neutrinos from beyond the solar system can be millions or billions of times more
energetic. Scientists have long been searching for the origin of ultra-high
energy and very high-energy neutrinos.
“Figuring out where high-energy neutrinos come from is one of the biggest
problems in astrophysics today,” said Yang Bai of the University of Wisconsin in
Madison, who co-authored a study about these results published in Physical
Review D. “We now have the first evidence that an astronomical source – the
Milky Way’s supermassive black hole – may be producing these very energetic
neutrinos.”
Because neutrinos pass through material very easily, it is extremely
difficult to build detectors that reveal exactly where the neutrino came from.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, located under the South Pole, has detected 36
high-energy neutrinos since the facility became operational in 2010.
By pairing IceCube’s capabilities with the data from the three X-ray
telescopes, scientists were able to look for violent events in space that
corresponded with the arrival of a high-energy neutrino here on Earth.
“We checked to see what happened after Chandra witnessed the biggest outburst
ever detected from Sagittarius A*, the Milky Way’s supermassive black hole,”
said co-author Andrea Peterson, also of the University of Wisconsin. “And less
than three hours later, there was a neutrino detection at IceCube.”
In addition, several neutrino detections appeared within a few days of flares
from the supermassive black hole that were observed with Swift and NuSTAR.
“It would be a very big deal if we find out that Sagittarius A* produces
neutrinos,” said co-author Amy Barger of the University of Wisconsin. “It’s a
very promising lead for scientists to follow.”
Scientists think that the highest energy neutrinos were created in the most
powerful events in the Universe like galaxy mergers, material falling onto
supermassive black holes, and the winds around dense rotating stars called
pulsars.
The team of researchers is still trying to develop a case for how Sagittarius
A* might produce neutrinos. One idea is that it could happen when particles
around the black hole are accelerated by a shock wave, like a sonic boom, that
produces charged particles that decay to neutrinos.
This latest result may also contribute to the understanding of another major
puzzle in astrophysics: the source of high-energy cosmic rays. Since the charged
particles that make up cosmic rays are deflected by magnetic fields in our
Galaxy, scientists have been unable to pinpoint their origin. The charged
particles accelerated by a shock wave near Sgr A* may be a significant source of
very energetic cosmic rays.
The paper describing these results is available online. NASA's Marshall
Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, manages the Chandra program for
NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. The Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, controls Chandra's science and flight
operations
NASA
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
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